اﺛﺮ ﮐﻮدﻫﺎي زﯾﺴﺘﯽ ﻣﺎﯾﮑﻮرﯾﺰا و ازﺗﻮﺑﺎﮐﺘﺮ ﺑﺮ ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮد ارﻗﺎم ﮐﻠﺰا Berasica napus L

Effect of bio-fertilizers on yield of canola varieties (Berasica napus L.)

ﮐﺎرﺑﺮد ﮐﻮدﻫﺎي زﯾﺴﺘﯽ در راﺳﺘﺎي ﮐﺎﻫﺶ ﻣﺼﺮف ﮐﻮدﻫﺎي ﺷﯿﻤﯿﺎﯾﯽ، از ﻣﻬﻢﺗﺮﯾﻦ راهﺑﺮدﻫﺎ در ﮐﺸﺎورزي ﭘﺎﯾﺪار ﺑﻪﺷﻤﺎر ﻣـﯽ رود. ﺑـﻪ ﻣﻨﻈﻮر ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﺗﺄﺛﯿﺮ ﮐﻮدﻫﺎي زﯾﺴﺘﯽ ﻣﺎﯾﮑﻮرﯾﺰا و ازﺗﻮﺑﺎﮐﺘﺮ ﺑﺮ ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮد ارﻗﺎم ﮐﻠﺰا، آزﻣﺎﯾﺸﯽ ﻓﺎﮐﺘﻮرﯾﻞ در ﻗﺎﻟﺐ ﻃﺮح ﺑﻠﻮكﻫﺎي ﮐﺎﻣـﻞ ﺗﺼﺎدﻓﯽ در ﭼﻬﺎر ﺗﮑﺮار در ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻪ ﻣﻌﺘﺪل ﺧﺮمآﺑﺎد ﻟﺮﺳﺘﺎن اﺟﺮا ﮔﺮدﯾﺪ. ﻋﺎﻣﻞ ﮐﻮد زﯾﺴﺘﯽ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﮐﺎرﺑﺮد ﻣﯿﮑﻮرﯾﺰا، ﮐـﺎرﺑﺮد ازﺗﻮﺑـﺎﮐﺘﺮ، ﮐﺎرﺑﺮد ﺗﻮأم ﻣﯿﮑﻮرﯾﺰا و ازﺗﻮﺑﺎﮐﺘﺮ و ﻋﺪم ﮐﺎرﺑﺮد ﮐﻮد زﯾﺴﺘﯽ )ﺷﺎﻫﺪ( و ﻋﺎﻣﻞ رﻗﻢ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ارﻗﺎم ﮔﺎﺑﺮﯾﻼ، ﻧﭙﺘﻮن، اﮐﺲﭘﺎور و اﮐﺎﭘﯽ ﺑـﻮد ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﻧﺸﺎن داد ﮐﻪ ﻣﺘﻮﺳﻂ ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮد داﻧﻪ در ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻪ ﺧﺮمآﺑﺎد 4265/7 ﮐﯿﻠﻮﮔﺮم در ﻫﮑﺘﺎر ﺑﻮد. ﺑﯿﺸﺘﺮﯾﻦ ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮد داﻧﻪ و روﻏـﻦ ﺑـﻪ رﻗـﻢ ﮔﺎﺑﺮﯾﻼ )ﺑﻪﺗﺮﺗﯿﺐ 4599/7 و 1923/0 ﮐﯿﻠﻮﮔﺮم در ﻫﮑﺘﺎر( و ﮐﻤﺘﺮﯾﻦ آن ﺑﻪ رﻗـﻢ اﮐـﺎﭘﯽ )ﺑـﻪ ﺗﺮﺗﯿـﺐ 3849/6 و 1591/0 ﮐﯿﻠـﻮﮔﺮم در ﻫﮑﺘﺎر( ﺗﻌﻠﻖ داﺷﺖ. در ﻣﯿﺎن ﺳﻄﻮح ﮐﻮد زﯾﺴﺘﯽ، ﺑﯿﺸﺘﺮﯾﻦ ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮد داﻧﻪ و روﻏﻦ ﺑﻪ ﮐﺎرﺑﺮد ﺗـﻮأم ﻣﯿﮑـﻮرﯾﺰا و ازﺗﻮﺑـﺎﮐﺘﺮ )ﺑـﻪ ﺗﺮﺗﯿـﺐ 4408/4 و 1831/0 ﮐﯿﻠﻮﮔﺮم در ﻫﮑﺘﺎر( و ﮐﻤﺘﺮﯾﻦ آن ﺑﻪ ﻋﺪم ﮐﺎرﺑﺮد ﮐﻮد زﯾﺴﺘﯽ )ﺑﻪﺗﺮﺗﯿﺐ 3973/0 و 1650/1 ﮐﯿﻠﻮﮔﺮم در ﻫﮑﺘـﺎر ﺗﻌﻠﻖ داﺷﺖ. در ﻣﺠﻤﻮع رﻗﻢ اﮐﺲﭘﺎور ﻫﻤﺮاه ﺑﺎ ﮐﺎرﺑﺮد ازﺗﻮﺑﺎﮐﺘﺮ ﺑﺮاي ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻪ ﻣﻌﺘﺪل ﺧﺮمآﺑﺎد و ﻣﻨﺎﻃﻖ ﻣﺸﺎﺑﻪ ﺗﻮﺻﯿﻪ ﻣﯽﺷﻮد. .

Application of biofertilizers to reduce the use of chemical fertilizers is one of the most important strategies in sustainable agriculture. In order to investigate the effect of Mycorrhiza and Azotobacter biofertilizers on the yield of rapeseed cultivars, a factorial experiment was conducted in a randomized complete block design with four replications in temperate region of Khorramabad Lorestan. Biofertilizer included mycorrhizal application, azotobacter application, mycorrhiza and azotobacter combined application and non-application of bio-fertilizer (control) and cultivar included Gabriella, Neptune, xpower and okapi. Results showed that the average grain yield in Khorramabad region was 4265.7 kg /ha. The highest seed and oil yields belonged to Gabriella (4599.7 and 1923.0 kg/ha, respectively) and the lowest to okapi (3849.6 and 1591.0 kg/ha, respectively). Among the biofertilizers levels, the highest seed and oil yields were obtained with mycorrhiza and azotobacter (4408.4 and 1831.0 kg/ha, respectively) and the least with no application of biofertilizers (3973.0 and 1650.1 kg per hectare, respectively). In general, xpower with Azotobacter application is recommended for temperate region of Khorramabad and similar regions.