اﺛﺮ ﺗﻨﺶ ﺧﺸﮑﯽ ﺑﺮ ﭼﮕﺎﻟﯽ ﺑﺮگ ﻫﺎي زﻣﺴﺘﺎﻧﻪ در ارﻗﺎم ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﮔﻨﺪم Triticum aestivum L

Water stress effects on winter leaves density of different wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cultivars

ﺑﻪ ﻣﻨﻈﻮر ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ اﺛﺮات ﺗﻨﺶ ﺧﺸﮑﯽ ﺑﺮ ﭼﮕﺎﻟﯽ ﺑﺮگ ﻫﺎي زﻣﺴﺘﺎﻧﻪ ارﻗﺎم ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﮔﻨﺪم ﯾﮏ آزﻣﺎﯾﺶ ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮرت ﻓﺎﮐﺘﻮرﯾﻞ در ﻗﺎﻟﺐ ﻃﺮح ﺑﻠﻮك ﻫﺎي ﮐﺎﻣﻞ ﺗﺼﺎدﻓﯽ ﺑﺎ ﺳﻪ ﺗﮑﺮار در ﮔﻠﺨﺎﻧﻪ ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻘﺎﺗﯽ داﻧﺸﮑﺪه ﮐﺸﺎورزي داﻧﺸﮕﺎه ﺷﻬﯿﺪ ﺑﺎﻫﻨﺮ ﮐﺮﻣﺎن اﻧﺠﺎم ﮔﺮﻓﺖ. ﺑﺬور ﻫﻔﺖ رﻗﻢ ﮔﻨﺪم ﭘﺎﯾﯿﺰه ﮐﺸﺖ و ﺑﻌﺪ از اﺗﻤﺎم ﻣﺮﺣﻠﻪ ﭘﻨﺠﻪ دﻫﯽ ﺗﻤﺎم ﺑﺮگﻫ ﺎي زﻣﺴﺘﺎﻧﻪ ﺑﺮداﺷﺖ و ﺳﻄﺢ وﯾﮋه، وزن و ﭼﮕﺎﻟﯽ ﺑﺮگ ﺑﺮاي ﺗﻤﺎم ﺑﺮگ ﻫﺎ ﻣﺤﺎﺳﺒﻪ ﺷﺪ .ﺗﺠﺰﯾﻪ داده ﻫﺎ ﻧﺸﺎن داد ﭼﮕﺎﻟﯽ ﺑﺮگ در ﺣﺎﻟﺖ ﺗﻨﺶ ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ ﺑﺪون ﺗﻨﺶ ﺑﻪ ﻃﻮر ﻣﻌﻨﯽ داري ﮐﻤﺘﺮ ﺑﻮد. ﮐﺎﻫﺶ ﭼﮕﺎﻟﯽ ﺑﺎ اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ ﺿﺨﺎﻣﺖ ﺑﺮگ در ﺷﺮاﯾﻂ ﺗﻨﺶ ﻫﻤﺮاه ﺑﻮد. ﺑﯿﻦ ارﻗﺎم ﻧﯿﺰ از ﻟﺤﺎظ ﭼﮕﺎﻟﯽ اﺧﺘﻼف ﻣﻌﻨﯽ داري ﻣﺸﺎﻫﺪه ﺷﺪ .ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﻧ.ﺸﺎ ن داد ﮐﻪ ﻣﯿﺎﻧﮕﯿﻦ ﭼﮕﺎﻟﯽ ﺑﺮگ ﺗﺤﺖ ﺗﺎﺛﯿﺮ رﻗﻢ ﺗﻨﺶ ﻫﻤﭽﻨﯿﻦو اﺛﺮ و ﻣﺘﻘﺎﺑﻞ آن ﻫﺎ ﻧﯿﺰ ﻗﺮار ﻣﯽ ﮔﯿﺮد. ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ اﯾﻨﮑﻪ ﺑﺎ ﮐﺎﻫﺶ ﺳﻄﺢ ﺑﺮگ و اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ ﺿﺨﺎﻣﺖ ﺑﺮگ،ﮔﯿﺎه آب ﮐﻤﺘﺮي از دﺳﺖ داد،ه ﺗﺒﺨﯿﺮ و ﺗﻌﺮق از ﺳﻄﺢ ﮐﺎﻫﺶ ﯾﺎﻓﺘﻪ و ﮔﯿﺎه در ﺷﺮاﯾﻂ ﻣﺤﯿﻄﯽ ﺗﻨﺶ زا ﻗﺎدر ﺑﻪ رﺷﺪ و ﺗﻮﻟﯿﺪ ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮد ﺑﯿﺸﺘﺮ ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ ﺳﺎﯾﺮ ارﻗﺎم در ﻫﻤﺎن ﺷﺮاﯾﻂ ﺧﻮاﻫﺪ ﺑﻮد. ﺑﻨﺎﺑﺮاﯾﻦ از اﯾﻦ ﺻﻔﺖ ﻣﯽ ﺗﻮان ﺑﺮاي اﺻﻼح ارﻗﺎم ﻣﻘﺎوم ﺑﻪ ﺧﺸﮑﯽ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﮐﺮد ﺑﺎ اﯾﻦ وﺟ. ﻮد ﻻزم اﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻘﺎت ﺑﯿﺸﺘﺮي در ﻣﻮرد اﺛﺮات ﻣﻔﯿﺪ ﭼﮕﺎﻟﯽ ﺑﺮگ در ﻣﺤﯿﻂ ﻫﺎي ﺗﻨﺶ زا اﻧﺠﺎم ﺷﻮد.

In order to evaluate the effects of water stress on winter leaf density of wheat cultivars, an experiment was conducted under controlled conditions as a factorial based on RCBD with 3 replications. Seeds of seven wheat cultivars were sown and at tillering stage fully expanded leaves were sampled and specific leaf area, leaf weight and density were measured. Data analysis showed that compare to stress condition leaf density was significantly lower in leaves of plants grown under water stress condition. Significant differences were also found among cultivars in terms of leaf density. Meanwhile the interaction effect of water stress and cultivar was also significant on leaf density. Since by decreasing leaf area and thickness, water loss from the leaves is also decreases hence for leaf density can also be used as a breeding criterion in order to develop water stress tolerant cultivars. However, more researches are need to be done on the effect of water stress on leaf density.