اﺛﺮ ﺳﻄﻮح آﺑﯿﺎري و ﻏﻠﻈﺖ ﻫﺎي ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﺳﺎﻟﯿﺴﯿﻠﯿﮏ اﺳﯿﺪ ﺑﺮ ﭘﺎراﻣﺘﺮﻫﺎي رﺷﺪ ﮐﯿﻨﻮا رﻗﻢ ﺗﯿﺘﯿﮑﺎﮐﺎ

Effect of Irrigation Levels and Different Concentrations of Salicylic Acid on Growth Parameters of Quinoa, Titicaca Cultivar

ﮐﻤﺒﻮد ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ آب ﻣﻬﻤﺘﺮﯾﻦ ﻋﺎﻣﻞ ﻣﺤﺪودﯾﺖ در ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﮐﺸﺎورزي اﺳﺖ. ﻫﺪف از اﻧﺠﺎم اﯾﻦ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ اﺛﺮ ﻏﻠﻈﺖ ﻫﺎي ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﺳﺎﻟﯿﺴﯿﻠﯿﮏ اﺳﯿﺪ در ﺳﻄﻮح ﻣﺘﻔﺎوت آﺑﯿﺎري ﺑﺮ ﭘﺎراﻣﺘﺮﻫﺎي رﺷﺪ ﮔﯿﺎه ﮐﯿﻨﻮا رﻗﻢ ﺗﯿﺘﯿﮑﺎﮐﺎ ﺑﻮد. در اﯾﻦ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ اﺛﺮ ﺳﻪ ﺳﻄﺢ آﺑﯿﺎري )40، 75 و 100 درﺻﺪ ﻇﺮﻓﯿﺖ زراﻋﯽ( و ﻣﺤﻠﻮل ﭘﺎﺷﯽ ﺑﺎ ﭼﻬﺎر ﺳﻄﺢ ﺳﺎﻟﯿﺴﯿﻠﯿﮏ اﺳﯿﺪ )ﺻﻔﺮ، 0/5، 1 و 2 ﻣﯿﻠﯽ ﻣﻮﻻر( ﻣﻮرد ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﻗﺮار ﮔﺮﻓﺖ. اﯾﻦ ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮرت اﺳﭙﻠﯿﺖ ﭘﻼت ﺑﺮ ﭘﺎﯾﻪ ﻃﺮح ﺑﻠﻮك ﻫﺎي ﮐﺎﻣﻞ ﺗﺼﺎدﻓﯽ در ﺳﻪ ﺗﮑﺮار در ﻣﺰرﻋﻪ داﻧﺸﮕﺎه ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻘﺎﺗﯽ ﺷﻬﯿﺪ ﺑﺎﻫﻨﺮ ﮐﺮﻣﺎن اﺟﺮا و ﭘﺎراﻣﺘﺮ ﻫﺎي ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ رﺷﺪ ﻧﻈﯿﺮﺳﻄﺢ ﺑﺮگ و ﺳﺮﻋﺖ رﺷﺪ ﻣﺤﺼﻮل در دو ﻣﺮﺣﻠﻪ رﺷﺪ روﯾﺸﯽ و زاﯾﺸﯽ و ﻫﻤﭽﻨﯿﻦ وزن ﺧﺸﮏ ﻧﻬﺎﯾﯽ ﺑﻮﺗﻪ در اﻧﺘﻬﺎي ﻓﺼﻞ رﺷﺪ اﻧﺪازه ﮔﯿﺮي ﺷﺪ. ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﻧﺸﺎن داد ﮐﻪ ﭘﺎراﻣﺘﺮ ﻫﺎي ﺷﺎﺧﺺ ﺳﻄﺢ ﺑﺮگ در ﻣﺮاﺣﻞ روﯾﺸﯽ و زاﯾﺸﯽ و ﺳﺮﻋﺖ رﺷﺪ ﻣﺤﺼﻮل در ﻣﺮﺣﻠﻪ روﯾﺸﯽ ﺗﺤﺖ ﺗﺎﺛﯿﺮ ﺳﻄﻮح آﺑﯿﺎري و ﻏﻠﻈﺖ ﻫﺎي ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﺳﺎﻟﯿﺴﯿﻠﯿﮏ اﺳﯿﺪ و ﻫﻤﭽﻨﯿﻦ اﺛﺮ ﻣﺘﻘﺎﺑﻞ آﻧﻬﺎ ﻗﺮار ﻧﮕﺮﻓﺖ. درﻣﻘﺎﺑﻞ اﺛﺮ ﻣﺘﻘﺎﺑﻞ ﻣﻌﻨﯽ داري ﺑﺮاي ﺳﺮﻋﺖ رﺷﺪ ﻣﺤﺼﻮل در ﻣﺮﺣﻠﻪ زاﯾﺸﯽ و ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮد زﯾﺴﺘﯽ ﮔﯿﺎه ﻣﺸﺎﻫﺪه ﺷﺪ. ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﻧﺸﺎن داد در ﺷﺮاﯾﻂ ﻧﺮﻣﺎل آﺑﯿﺎري )آﺑﯿﺎري 100% ﻇﺮﻓﯿﺖ زراﻋﯽ( ﮔﯿﺎﻫﺎن ﮐﯿﻨﻮا ﺑﻪ ﻏﻠﻈﺖ ﻫﺎي ﻣﺘﻮﺳﻂ ﺳﺎﻟﯿﺴﯿﻠﯿﮏ اﺳﯿﺪ واﮐﻨﺶ ﺑﻬﺘﺮي ﻧﺸﺎن دادﻧﺪ در ﺣﺎﻟﯽ ﮐﻪ در ﺷﺮاﯾﻂ ﮐﺎﻫﺶ ﺣﺠﻢ آﺑﯿﺎري )75 و 40 درﺻﺪ ﻇﺮﻓﯿﺖ زراﻋﯽ(، ﻣﺤﻠﻮل ﭘﺎﺷﯽ ﺑﺎ ﻏﻠﻈﺖ 2 ﻣﯿﻠﯽ ﻣﻮﻻر ﺳﺎﻟﯿﺴﯿﻠﯿﮏ اﺳﯿﺪ ﺑﻪ ﻃﻮر ﻣﻌﻨﯽ داري ﻣﻮﺟﺐ اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ ﺳﺮﻋﺖ رﺷﺪ ﻣﺤﺼﻮل و زﯾﺴﺖ ﺗﻮده ﮔﺮدﯾﺪ.

Water scarcity is the most important restrictive factor in development of agriculture. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of different concentrations of salicylic acid in different irrigation levels on growth parameters of quinoa, Titicaca cultivar. In this study, the effects of three levels of irrigation with different volumes (40, 75 and 100% of field capacity (FC)) and foliar application of salicylic acid (0, 0.5, 1 and 2 mM) were investigated. This study was carried out as split plot based on randomized complete block design with three replications in the research field of Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Iran. Different growth parameters such as leaf area index (LAI) and crop growth rate (CGR) were measured in vegetative and reproductive growth stages and final dry weight of plant at the end of the growing season. The results showed that LAI at the vegetative and reproductive stages and CGR at the vegetative stage were not affected by irrigation levels, different concentrations of salicylic acid and their interaction. In contrast, significant interaction effects were observed for CGR at the reproductive stages and final plant biological yield. The results showed that quinoa plants showed a better response to the moderate salicylic acid concentrations under normal irrigation conditions (100% FC), while with the reduction in irrigation volume (75% and 40% FC), foliar application of 2 mM salicylic acid significantly increased CGR and biomass.