ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﺗﺎﺛﯿﺮات ﮔﻮﮔﺮد و ﻧﯿﺘﺮوژن ﺑﺮ وﯾﮋﮔﯿﻬﺎي رﺷﺪ و ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮد ﮐﻠﺰا ﺗﺤﺖ ﺷﺮاﯾﻂ دﯾﻢ ﻧﯿﻤﻪ ﮔﺮﻣﺴﯿﺮي

The influences of Sulfur and Nitrogen on Growth and Yield of Rapeseed under semitropical rainfed Conditions

ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ اﻫﻤﯿﺖ دو ﻋﻨﺼﺮ ﮔﻮﮔﺮد و ﻧﯿﺘﺮوژن درﺗﻐﺬﯾﻪ ﮐﻠﺰا، ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ در ﻗﺎﻟﺐ آزﻣﺎﯾﺶ ﻓﺎﮐﺘﻮرﯾﻞ ﺑﺮﭘﺎﯾﻪ ﻃﺮح ﺑﻠﻮﮐﻬﺎي ﮐﺎﻣﻞ ﺗﺼﺎدﻓﯽ در ﺳﻪ ﺗﮑﺮار و در ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻪ ﮔﭽﺴﺎران اﻧﺠﺎم ﭘﺬﯾﺮﻓﺖ. ﺗﯿﻤﺎرﻫﺎي آزﻣﺎﯾﺸﯽ ﻋﺒﺎرت ﺑﻮدﻧﺪ از: 1-ﮐﻮد ﺣﺎوي ﮔﻮﮔﺮد در ﺳﻪ ﺳﻄﺢ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ اﻟﻒ( ﮔﻮﮔﺮد ﻣﻌﺪﻧﯽ ﺑﺎ ﻓﺮﻣﻮﻻﺳﯿﻮن ﺣﺎوي ﺑﻨﺘﻮﻧﯿﺖ و ﻣﺎﯾﻪ ﺗﻠﻘﯿﺢ ﺑﺎﮐﺘﺮي ﺗﯿﻮﺑﺎﺳﯿﻠﯿﻮس ﺑﻪ ﻣﻘﺪار 40 ﮐﯿﻠﻮﮔﺮم در ﻫﮑﺘﺎر ﮔﻮﮔﺮد ﺧﺎﻟﺺ ( ب ﺳﻮﻟﻔﺎت آﻣﻮﻧﯿﻮم ﺑﻪ اﻧﺪازه ﮔﻮﮔﺮد ﻣﻌﺪﻧﯽ ﺗﯿﻤﺎر اول و ج(ﺑﺪون ﻣﺼﺮف ﮔﻮﮔﺮد، 2- ﺗﯿﻤﺎر ﻫﺎي ﻧﯿﺘﺮوژن در ﺳﻪ ﺳﻄﺢ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ N1:50 ،N0:0 و N2:100 ﮐﯿﻠﻮﮔﺮم ﻧﯿﺘﺮوژن در ﻫﮑﺘﺎر. ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﻧﺸﺎن داد ﮐﻪ ﺗﺎﺛﯿﺮ ﻣﺘﻘﺎﺑﻞ ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ ﮔﻮﮔﺮد و ﻣﻘﺪار ﻧﯿﺘﺮوژن ﺑﺮ ﻣﺘﻐﯿﺮﻫﺎي زراﻋﯽ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮد داﻧﻪ و ﺑﯿﻮﻟﻮژﯾﮏ، ارﺗﻔﺎع ﺑﻮﺗﻪ، ﺗﻌﺪاد ﻧﯿﺎم در ﺑﻮﺗﻪ و ﺷﺎﺧﺺ ﺑﺮداﺷﺖ ﻣﻌﻨﯽ دار ﻧﺒﻮدﻧﺪ. اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ ﺳﻄﺢ ﻧﯿﺘﺮوژن ﺑﺎ اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ ﻣﻌﻨﯽ دار در ارﺗﻔﺎع ﺑﻮﺗﻪ، ﺗﻌﺪاد ﻧﯿﺎم در ﺑﻮﺗﻪ و ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮد ﺑﯿﻮﻟﻮژﯾﮏ، داﻧﻪ ﻫﻤﺮاه ﺑﻮد. در راﺑﻄﻪ ﺑﺎ ﻧﻮع ﻋﺮﺿﻪ ﮔﻮﮔﺮد ﻣﺸﺎﻫﺪه ﺷﺪ ﮐﻪ ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ وﻗﻮع ﻣﻘﺪار و ﭘﺮاﮐﻨﺶ ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺒﯽ از ﺑﺎرش، ﺗﻔﺎوت ﻣﻌﻨﯽ داري ﺑﯿﻦ ﺑﯿﻮﮔﻮﮔﺮد و ﺳﻮﻟﻔﺎت آﻣﻮﻧﯿﻮم از ﻧﻈﺮ ﻣﺘﻐﯿﺮﻫﺎي ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮد داﻧﻪ و ﺑﯿﻮﻟﻮژﯾﮏ، ﺗﻌﺪاد ﻧﯿﺎم وﺟﻮد ﻧﺪاﺷﺖ در ﻋﯿﻦ ﺣﺎل ﻋﺪم ﻣﺼﺮف ﮔﻮﮔﺮد ﺑﺎ ﮐﺎﻫﺶ ﻣﻌﻨﯽ دار اﯾﻦ ﻣﺘﻐﯿﺮﻫﺎ ﻫﻤﺮاه ﺑﻮد.

Considering the importance of f sulfur and nitrogen in canola nutrition, the present study was conducted as a factorial experiment based on randomized complete block design with three replications in Gachsaran region. Experimental treatments included: 1- sulfur-containing fertilizer in three levels: (a) mineral sulfur with bentonite formulation and thiobacillus inoculum as 40 kg/ha pure sulfur b) ammonium sulfate as 40 kg/ha pure sulfur and no sulfur consumption 2- Nitrogen amounts at three levels including N0: 0, N1: 50 and N2: 100 kg N / ha. The results showed that the interaction of sulfur sources and nitrogen on agronomic variables including grain yield, biological yield, plant height, number of pods per plant and harvest index was not significant. Increase in nitrogen level was associated with significant increase in plant height, number of pods per plant and biological and grain yield. Using sulfur as fertilizer in both forms led to significant improvement in number of pod/plant, biological and grain yield. Regarding the type of sulfur fertilizer, it was observed that due to the occurrence of appropriate amount and distribution of precipitation, there was no significant difference between bio-sulfur and ammonium sulfate in terms of grain yield and biological yield variables.