ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﺗﻨﻮع ﻣﻮﻓﻮﻟﻮژﯾﮑﯽ ﺑﺮﺧﯽ ﺟﻤﻌﯿﺖ ﻫﺎي ﺧﺮﻓﻪ اﯾﺮان ﺑﺮ اﺳﺎس ﺷﺎﺧﺺ ﻫﺎي رﯾﺨﺖ ﺷﻨﺎﺳﯽ

Investigation of morphological diversity of some purslane populations of Iran based on morphological indices

ﺧﺮﻓﻪ ﯾﮑﯽ از ﮔﯿﺎﻫﺎن داروﯾﯽ ﻣﻬﻢ از ﺧﺎﻧﻮاده ﭘﺮﺗﻮﻻﮐﺎﺳﻪ ﻣﯽﺑﺎﺷﺪ اﺳﺘﮑﻪ ﺧﻮاص درﻣﺎﻧﯽ زﯾﺎدي ﻧﻈﯿﺮ ﺿﺪ درد، ﺗﺐ ﺑﺮ، ﺿﺪ ﻋﻔﻮﻧﯽ ﮐﻨﻨﺪه، ﺿﺪ اﺳﮑﻮرﺑﻮت،ﺿﺪﺳﺮﻓﻪ، ﺿﺪ اﻟﺘﻬﺎب، ﺗﺼﻔﯿﻪ ﮐﻨﻨﺪه ﺧﻮن، ﺿﺪ ﺳﻮﺧﺘﮕﯽ ﭘﻮﺳﺖ و ﮐﺎﻫﺶ ﺗﻮرم و آﺑﺴﻪ ﻫﺎدارد. در اﯾﻦ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ، ﺗﻨﻮع ﻣﻮرﻓﻮﻟﻮژﯾﮑﯽ 18 ﺗﻮده ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒﺧﺮﻓﻪ ﻣﻮرد ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﻗﺮار ﮔﺮﻓﺖ. ﺑﺮاي اﯾﻦ ﻣﻨﻈﻮر ﺑﺬور 18 ﺗﻮده ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﺧﺮﻓﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮرت ﻃﺮح ﺑﻠﻮﮐﻬﺎي ﮐﺎﻣﻞ ﺗﺼﺎدﻓﯽ ﺑﺎ ﺳﻪ ﺗﮑﺮار در ﻣﺰرﻋﻪ ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻘﺎﺗﯽ ﻣﺮﮐﺰ ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻘﺎت ﮔﯿﺎﻫﺎن داروﯾﯽ داﻧﺸﮕﺎه ﺷﺎﻫﺪ ﮐﺸﺖ ﮔﺮدﯾﺪ و ﺻﻔﺎت ﻣﻮرﻓﻮﻟﻮژﯾﮑﯽ در ﻣﺮﺣﻠﻪ روﯾﺸﯽ اﻧﺪازه ﮔﯿﺮي ﺷﺪﻧﺪ ﺗﺠﺰﯾﻪ وارﯾﺎﻧﺲ دادهﻫﺎي ﻣﻮرﻓﻮﻟﻮژﯾﮑﯽ ﻧﺸﺎن داد ﮐﻪ ﻣﯿﺎن ﺗﻮده ﻫﺎي ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﺧﺮﻓﻪ ﺑﺮاﺳﺎس اﮐﺜﺮ ﺻﻔﺎت اﻧﺪازه ﮔﯿﺮي ﺷﺪه اﺧﺘﻼف ﻣﻌﻨﯽ داري وﺟﻮد دارد. ﺗﺠﺰﯾﻪ ﮐﻼﺳﺘﺮ 18 ﺗﻮده ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒﺧﺮﻓﻪ را ﺑﺮ اﺳﺎس وﯾﮋﮔﯿﻬﺎي ﻣﻮرﻓﻮﻟﻮژﯾﮑﯽ ﺑﻪ 3 ﮔﺮوه اﺻﻠﯽ ﺗﻘﺴﯿﻢ ﻧﻤﻮد. ﺑﻪ ﻃﻮر ﮐﻠﯽ اﻃﻼﻋﺎت ﺣﺎﺻﻞ از ﺗﻨﻮع ﻣﻮﻓﻮﻟﻮژﯾﮑﯽ ﺟﻬﺖ ﺟﻤﻊآوري ﺧﺮﻓﻪ از ﻣﺮاﮐﺰ ﺗﻨﻮع ﻣﻔﯿﺪ اﺳﺖ و ﺑﻪ اﻧﺘﺨﺎب واﻟﺪﯾﻦ از ﺗﻮدهﻫﺎﯾﯽ ﮐﻪ داراي ﻓﺎﺻﻠﻪ ژﻧﺘﯿﮑﯽ زﯾﺎد ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ، ﺟﻬﺖ ﺗﻮﻟﯿﺪ ﺟﻤﻌﯿﺖ ﻫﺎي در ﺣﺎل ﺗﻔﺮق و ﻧﻘﺸﻪ ﯾﺎﺑﯽ در ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪﻫﺎي دورگﮔﯿﺮي و ﺑﻪ ﻧﮋادي ﯾﺎ ﺑﻬﺒﻮد ﺻﻔﺎت اﯾﻦ ﮔﯿﺎه داروﯾﯽ ارزﺷﻤﻨﺪ ﮐﻤﮏ ﻧﻤﻮده و ﺑﺮاي ﻣﺤﺎﻓﻈﺖ و ﻣﺪﯾﺮﯾﺖ ژرمﭘﻼﺳﻢ اﯾﻦ ﮔﯿﺎه ﻣﯽﺗﻮاﻧﺪ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﺷﻮد.

PortulacaoleraceaL.is a medicinal plant belonging to Portulacaceae family, which exhibited a wide scope of pharmaceutical properties such as pain killer, antipyretic, anti-viral and anti-fungal. The aim of the present study was evaluation of morphological diversity eitgteen accessions of Portulacaoleracea. For this purpose, the seeds of eighteen accessions were cultivated based on completely randomized design with three replicates in the Research farm of Medicinal Plants Research Center, Shahed University. The morphological, physiological and phytochemical traits were measured in the vegetative stage. The analysis of variance showed that there is a significant difference among different accessions of Portulacaoleraceain terms of most studied morphological traits. The cluster analysis of the 18Portulacaoleracea accessions based on morphological traits produced three main clusters.The morphological diversity information would be useful in the management of Portulacaoleraceacollection from centers of diversity and willassist us to select genetically distant accessions for crossing in a breeding program or can be employed as parents for the improvement of a trait of interest through hybridization, and they can be utilized for preservation and maintaince the germplasm of this medicinal plant.