ﺗﺄﺛﯿﺮ ﻣﺘﯿﻞ ﺟﺎﺳﻤﻮﻧﺎت ﺑﺮ ﻣﯿﺰان اﺳﺘﻮﯾﻮزﯾﺪ و رﺑﺎدﯾﻮزﯾﺪ A در ﺷﺮاﯾﻂ ﮐﺸﺖ درون ﺷﯿﺸﻪ ﮔﯿﺎه اﺳﺘﻮﯾﺎ

Effect of methyl jasmonate on the levels of stevioside and ribadioside A in vitro culture of stevia

اﺳﺘﻮﯾﺎ ﻧﺎم ﮔﯿﺎه ﺑﻮﺗﻪ اي ﭼﻨﺪ ﺳﺎﻟﻪ از ﺧﺎﻧﻮاده اﺳﺘﺮاﺳﻪ )Asteraceae( ﻣﯽ ﺑﺎﺷ.ﺪ اﯾﻦ ﮔﯿﺎه ﮔﻠﯿﮑﻮزﯾﺪﻫﺎي ﺗﺮﭘﻨﯽ ﺗﻮﻟﯿﺪ ﻣﯽ ﮐﻨﺪ ﮐﻪ ﺑﺎ وﺟﻮد ﮐﺎﻟﺮي ﮐﻢ 300 ﺑﺮاﺑﺮ ﺷﯿﺮﯾﻦ ﺗﺮ از ﺳﺎﮐﺎرز ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ. اﺳﺘﻮﯾﻮزﯾﺪ و رﺑﺎدﯾﻮزﯾﺪ A دو ﺷﯿﺮﯾﻦ ﮐﻨﻨﺪه ﻣﻬﻢ ﮔﻠﯿﮑﻮزﯾﺪي در ﺑﺮﮔﻬﺎي اﯾﻦ ﮔﯿﺎه ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ ﮐﻪ ﺣﺪود 4 ﺗﺎ 20 درﺻﺪ وزن ﻣﺎده ﺧﺸﮏ ﺑﺮگ را ﺗﺸﮑﯿﻞ ﻣﯽ دﻫﻨﺪ. وﺟﻮد اﻟﯿﺴﺘﻮر)ﻣﺤﺮك( در ﻣﺤﯿﻂ ﮐﺸﺖ، ﻣﯽ-ﺗﻮاﻧﺪ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮان ﯾﮏ ﻋﺎﻣﻞ ﺗﻨﺶزا ﺑﺮاي ﮔﯿﺎه ﻋﻤﻞ ﮐﺮده و ﺑﺎﻋﺚ ﺗﺤﺮﯾﮏ ﺳﯿﺴﺘﻢ دﻓﺎﻋﯽ ﮔﯿﺎه در ﻏﻠﻈﺖﻫﺎي ﭘﺎﯾﯿﻦ اﻟﯿﺴﺘﻮر ﺷﻮد ﮐﻪ در ﻧﺘﯿﺠﻪ ﺑﺎﻋﺚ ﺗﺤﺮﯾﮏ ﺑﯿﺎن ژنﻫﺎي ﺳﯿﺴﺘﻢ دﻓﺎﻋﯽ ﮔﯿﺎه ﺷﻮد. ﺑﻨﺎﺑﺮاﯾﻦ اﻟﯿﺴﺘﻮرﻫﺎ ﻣﯽﺗﻮاﻧﻨﺪ ﻧﻘﺶ دوﮔﺎﻧﻪاي داﺷﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ ﻃﻮري ﮐﻪ ﻫﻢ ﻣﻘﺎوﻣﺖ ﮔﯿﺎه را ﺗﺤﺮﯾﮏ ﮐﺮده و ﻫﻢ ﺗﻮﻟﯿﺪ ﻣﺘﺎﺑﻮﻟﯿﺖﻫﺎي ﺛﺎﻧﻮﯾﻪ را اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ دﻫﻨ.ﺪ در اﯾﻦ ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﺗﺎﺛﯿﺮ ﻣﺘﯿﻞ ﺟﺎﺳﻤﻮﻧﺎت ﺑﺮ ﻣﯿﺰان ﮔﻠﯿﮑﻮزﯾﺪﻫﺎي اﺳﺘﻮﯾﺎ ﺑﺎ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از دﺳﺘﮕﺎه HPLC اﻧﺠﺎم ﺷﺪ. ﺗﯿﻤﺎرﻫﺎي ﻣﺘﯿﻞ ﺟﺎﺳﻤﻮﻧﺎت و ﺳﺎﻟﯿﺴﯿﻠﯿﮏ اﺳﯿﺪ ﻫﺮ ﮐﺪام در دو ﻏﻠﻈﺖ 10 و 20 ﻣﯿﮑﺮو ﻣﻮﻻر در ﻣﺤﯿﻂ ﭘﺎﯾﻪ ﻣﻮراﺷﯿﮏ و اﺳﮑﻮگ )MS( ﻣﻮرد ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﻗﺮار ﮔﺮﻓﺖ. ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﻧﺸﺎن داد ﺑﯿﻦ ﻏﻠﻈﺖ ﻫﺎي ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﻣﺘﯿﻞ ﺟﺎﺳﻤﻮﻧﺎت و ﺳﺎﻟﯿﺴﯿﻠﯿﮏ اﺳﯿﺪ از ﻧﻈﺮ ﻣﯿﺰان ﮔﻠﯿﮑﻮزﯾﺪ ﻫﺎي اﺳﺘﻮﯾﻮزﯾﺪ و رﺑﺎدﯾﻮزﯾﺪ A ﺗﻔﺎوت ﻣﻌﻨﯽ دار وﺟﻮد دارد.

Stevia is the name of a perennial shrub from the Asteraceae family. This plant produces terpene glycosides. Which are 300 times sweeter than sucrose with low calories. Stevioside and ribadioside A are two important glycosidic sweeteners in leaves of this plant. Which make up about 4 to 20 percent by weight of leaf dry matter. The elicitors in the medium can act as a stressor for the plant and stimulate the plant defense system at low concentrations of elastomer, thereby stimulating the expression of plant defense system genes. In this study, the effect of methyl jasmonate and salicylic acid on Stevia glycosides was determined using HPLC. Treatments of methyl jasmonate were studied at two concentrations of 10 and 20 μM in the Murashic and Skog base medium (MS). The results showed that there was a significant difference between different concentrations of methyl jasmonate in terms of glycosides of stevioside and ribadioside A.