ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﻣﯿﺰان ﺗﺤﻤﻞ ﺑﻪ ﺳﺮﻣﺎ و ﺧﺼﻮﺻﯿﺎت زراﻋﯽ ﻻﯾﻦ ﻫﺎي در دﺳﺖ ﻧﺎم ﮔﺬاري ﺟﻮ

Study on cold tolerance potential and agronomic traits of barley cultivars and promising lines

در اﯾﻦ ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ ﺗﻌﺪاد 36 رﻗﻢ و ﻻﯾﻦ ﺟﺪﯾﺪ ﺟﻮ و ارﻗﺎم ﺷﺎﻫﺪ ﻣﺘﺪاول در ﻣﻨﺎﻃﻖ ﺳﺮد و ﻣﻌﺘﺪل ﮐﺸﻮر ﺑﻪ روش ﺗﻠﻔﯿﻘﯽ آزﻣﺎﯾﺸﮕﺎﻫﯽ- ﻣﺰرﻋﻪ اي( در ﻣﻮﺳﺴﻪ ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻘﺎت اﺻﻼح و ﺗﻬﯿﻪ ﻧﻬﺎل و ﺑﺬر در ﮐﺮج ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﺷﺪﻧﺪ. ﻣﻘﺎﯾﺴﻪ ﺗﺤﻤﻞ ﺑﻪ ﺳﺮﻣﺎ ﻻﯾﻦ ﻫﺎي ﺟﺪﯾﺪ ﮔﻨﺪم وﻫﻤﭽﻨﯿﻦ ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﺧﺼﻮﺻﯿﺎت زراﻋﯽ اﯾﻦ ﻻﯾﻦ ﻫﺎ از اﻫﺪاف اﯾﻦ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺑﻮد. ﺑﻮﺗﻪ ﻫﺎي ﻋﺎدت داده ﺷﺪه ﺑﻪ ﺳﺮﻣﺎ در ﺷﺮاﯾﻂ ﻣﺰرﻋﻪ در اواﺳﻂ ﺑﻬﻤﻦ ﻣﺎه از ﻣﺰرﻋﻪ ﺟﻤﻊ آوري و ﻣﯿﺰان ﺗﺤﻤﻞ ﺑﻪ ﺳﺮﻣﺎ در ﻻﯾﻦ ﻫﺎ ﺑﺮاﺳﺎس روش LT50 دﻣﺎﯾﯽ ﮐﻪ در آن 50% ﺑﻮﺗﻪ ﻫﺎ ﺑﺮ اﺛﺮ ﺳﺮﻣﺎ از ﺑﯿﻦ ﻣﯽ روﻧﺪ( ﺑﺎ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از ﻓﺮﯾﺰر اﻧﺠﻤﺎد ﺗﻌﯿﯿﻦ ﮔﺮدﯾ.ﺪ ﺳﺎﯾﺮ ﺻﻔﺎت زراﻋﯽ و ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮد و اﺟﺰاي ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮد در ﻃﻮل ﻓﺼﻞ داﺷﺖ و ﺑﺮداﺷﺖ اﻧﺪازه ﮔﯿﺮي و ﻣﺤﺎﺳﺒﻪ ﺷ.ﺪ ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﻧﺸﺎن داد ﮐﻪ ﺑﺎ ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﺗﻮام ﻣﻘﺎوﻣﺖ ﺑﻪ ﺳﺮﻣﺎ و ﻫﻤﭽﻨﯿﻦ ﺻﻔﺖ ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮد داﻧﻪ ﻣﺸﺨﺺ ﮔﺮدﯾﺪ ﮐﻪ ﭼﻬﺎر ﻻﯾﻦ ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻪ ﺳﺮد )EBYTC-95-3, 7, 12,17(ﻣﻘﺎوﻣﺖ ﺑﻪ ﺳﺮﻣﺎ در ﺳﻄﺢ ﮐﻼس ﺷﺎﻫﺪ )رﻗﻢ ﺑﻬﻤﻦ( و ﻫﻢ ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮد داﻧﻪ ﺑﻬﺘﺮي ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ ﺷﺎﻫﺪ )رﻗﻢ ﺑﻬﻤﻦ( داﺷﺘﻨﺪ. ﻫﻤﭽﻨﯿﻦ در ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ژﻧﻮﺗﯿﭗ ﻫﺎي ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻪ ﻣﻌﺘﺪل ﻣﺸﺨﺺ ﮔﺮدﯾﺪ ﮐﻪ ﻫﻤﮕﯽ ﻣﻘﺎوﻣﺖ ﺑﻪ ﺳﺮﻣﺎي ﮐﻤﺘﺮي ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ ﺷﺎﻫﺪ ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻪ ﺳﺮد دارﻧﺪ.

In this experiment, 36 barley promising lines in cold and temperate regions of the country were studied in tolerance to cold stress by integrated (laboratory-field) method. The objective of this study was: to determine the LT50 tolerance potential and some quantitative traits in some barley promising genotype. The plants that were acclimated to cold were collected from the field in February and the cold tolerance in the promising lines were determined by measuring LT50 (the temperature at which 50% of plants will be destroyed. During the cropping season other agronomic traits and yield and components yield were measured. The results showed that among of cold region genotypes, 4 lines (EBYTC-95-3, 7, 12, 17) had more grain yield than Bahman cultivar (check) and set at the same class with check related LT50. All genotypes related to moderate regions showed the low cold tolerance than check cultivar.