ارزﯾﺎﺑﯽ ﺗﺎﺛﯿﺮ رژﯾﻢ آﺑﯿﺎري و ﮐﺎرﺑﺮد ﮐﻮد زﯾﺴﺘﯽ ﺑﺮﺧﺼﻮﺻﯿﺎت ﮐﻤﯽ و ﮐﯿﻔﯽ ﮔﯿﺎه داروﯾﯽ ﮐﻨﮕﺮ ﻓﺮﻧﮕﯽ (Cynara scolymus)

Effect of irrigation regimes and biological fertilizers on quantity and quality characteristics of Globe Artichoke (Cynara scolymus)

آزﻣﺎﯾﺶ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻨﻈﻮر ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ﺗﺎﺛﯿﺮ رژﯾﻢ آﺑﯿﺎري و ﮐﺎرﺑﺮد ﮐﻮد زﯾﺴﺘﯽ ﺑﺮﺧﺼﻮﺻﯿﺎت ﮐﻤﯽ و ﮐﯿﻔﯽ ﮔﯿﺎه ﮔﯿﺎه ﮐﻨﮕﺮ ﻓﺮﻧﮕﯽ ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮرت ﮐﺮت ﻫﺎي ﺧﺮد ﺷﺪه )اﺳﭙﻠﯿﺖ ﭘﻼت( در ﻗﺎﻟﺐ ﻃﺮح ﺑﻠﻮك ﻫﺎي ﮐﺎﻣﻞ ﺗﺼﺎدﻓﯽ ﺑﺎ 3 ﺗﮑﺮار اﺟﺮا ﮔﺮدﯾﺪ .ﻋﻮاﻣﻞ ﻣﻮرد ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﺑﺎﮐﺘﺮﯾﻬﺎي ﻣﺤﺮك رﺷﺪ و رژﯾﻤﻬﺎي آﺑﯿﺎري ﺑﻮدﻧﺪ .ﺗﯿﻤﺎرﻫﺎي آﺑﯿﺎري در 3 ﺳﻄﺢ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮان ﻋﺎﻣﻞ اﺻﻠﯽ در ﻧﻈﺮ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﺷﺪﻧﺪ: آﺑﯿﺎريﭘﺲ از 70 ﻣﯿﻠﯿﻤﺘﺮ ﺗﺒﺨﯿﺮ ﺗﺠﻤﻌﯽ از ﺳﻄﺢ ﺗﺸﺘﮏ ﮐﻼس A ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮان ﺗﯿﻤﺎر ﺷﺎﻫﺪ )آﺑﯿﺎري ﻣﻄﻠﻮب(، آﺑﯿﺎري ﭘﺲ از 100 ﻣﯿﻠﯿﻤﺘﺮ ﺗﺒﺨﯿﺮ ﺗﺠﻤﻌﯽ از ﺳﻄﺢ ﺗﺸﺘﮏ ﮐﻼسA )ﻣﻌﺮف ﺗﻨﺶ ﮐﻢ آﺑﯽ ﻣﻼﯾﻢ(، آﺑﯿﺎري ﭘﺲ از 130 ﻣﯿﻠﯿﻤﺘﺮ ﺗﺒﺨﯿﺮ ﺗﺠﻤﻌﯽ از ﺳﻄﺢ ﺗﺸﺘﮏ ﮐﻼسA ﻣﻌﺮف ﺗﻨﺶ ﺧﺸﮑﯽ( و ﺗﯿﻤﺎرﻫﺎي ﮐﻮد زﯾﺴﺘﯽ در ﭼﻬﺎر ﺳﻄﺢ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮان ﻋﺎﻣﻞ ﻓﺮﻋﯽ در ﻧﻈﺮ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﺷﺪﻧ.ﺪ ﺑﺪون ﺗﻠﻘﯿﺢ )ﺷﺎﻫﺪ(، ازﺗﻮﺑﺎﮐﺘﺮ + آزوﺳﭙﯿﺮﯾﻠﯿﻮم )ﮐﻮدﭘﺎﯾﻪ(، ﺳﻮدوﻣﻮﻧﺎس ﭘﻮﺗﯿﺪا ﺳﻮﯾﻪ 41+ ﺳﻮدوﻣﻮﻧﺎس ﭘﻮﺗﯿﺪا ﺳﻮﯾﻪ 168و ﺳﻮدوﻣﻮﻧﺎس ﭘﻮﺗﯿﺪا ﺳﻮﯾﻪ 41+ ﺳﻮدوﻣﻮﻧﺎس ﭘﻮﺗﯿﺪا ﺳﻮﯾﻪ 168+ ﮐﻮد ﭘ.ﺎﯾﻪ ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﻧﺸﺎن داد ﮐﻪ ﮔﯿﺎه ﮐﻨﮕﺮ ﻓﺮﻧﮕﯽ در ﺻﻮرت ﺗﻠﻘﯿﺢ ﺑﺬر ﺑﺎ ﺗﺮﮐﯿﺐ ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺒﯽ از ﺑﺎﮐﺘﺮﯾﻬﺎي ﻣﺤﺮك رﺷﺪ )ﻣﺨﻠﻮط ﺳﻮدوﻣﻮﻧﺎس ﭘﻮﺗﯿﺪا ﺳﻮﯾﻪ 168 و ﮐﻮد ﭘﺎﯾﻪ( و ﯾﺎ )ﻣﺨﻠﻮط ﺳﻮدوﻣﻮﻧﺎس ﭘﻮﺗﯿﺪا ﺳﻮﯾﻪ 168+41 و ﮐﻮد ﭘﺎﯾﻪ( ﻣﯽ ﺗﻮاﻧﺪ در ﻣﻘﺎﺑﻞ ﺗﻨﺸﻬﺎي ﻣﺘﻮﺳﻂ و ﺷﺪﯾﺪ ﻣﻘﺎوﻣﺖ ﻧﻤﺎﯾﺪ و ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮد ﮐﺎﻫﺶ ﺣﺪاﻗﻠﯽ ﺑﯿﺎﺑﺪ. ﻫﻤﭽﻨﯿﻦ ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮد ﻣﺘﺎﺑﻮﻟﯿﺘﻬﺎي ﺛﺎﻧﻮﯾﻪ در ﺗﻨﺶ ﻣﻼﯾﻢ ﺧﺸﮑﯽ )آﺑﯿﺎري ﭘﺲ از 100 ﻣﯿﻠﯽ ﻟﯿﺘﺮ ﺗﺒﺨﯿﺮ از ﺗﺸﺖ ﺗﺒﺨﯿﺮ( ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ ﺷﺮاﺑﻂ ﻣﻄﻠﻮب ﮐﺎﻫﺶ ﯾﺎﻓﺘﻪ اﺳﺖ وﻟﯽ اﯾﻦ ﮐﺎﻫﺶ ﻣﻌﻨﯽ دار ﻧﺒﻮد. ﺑﺎﻻﺗﺮﯾﻦ ﻣﺤﺘﻮا و ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮد ﻣﺎده ﻣﻮﺛﺮه داروﯾﯽ در ﺗﯿﻤﺎر ﺗﻠﻘﯿﺢ ﺑﺬر ﺑﺎ ﮐﻮد ﭘﺎﯾﻪ )ازﺗﻮﺑﺎﮐﺘﺮ و آزوﺳﭙﺮﯾﻠﯿﻮم( ﻣﺸﺎﻫﺪه ﮔﺮدﯾﺪ.

The experiment was conducted to study the effects of irrigation regimes and biological fertilizers on quantity and quality characteristics of Globe Artichoke (Cynara scolymus). The experimental design of was split plots on the basis of completely randomized design in 3 replications. The main-plots were allocated to three irrigation regimes which were scheduled when the cumulative evaporation from evaporation pan (class A) reached at 70, 100 and 130 mm. The sub-plots consisted of using : Azotobacter+ Azosprillium(Base), pseudomonas putida 41 + pseudomonas putida 168 and pseudomonas putida 41 + pseudomonas putida 168 + Base. The results showed significant difference between treatments in all characteristics. The application of biological fertilizers decreased the adverse affects of drought stress in yield.