ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﺗﻨﻮع ژﻧﺘﯿﮑﯽ ژرم ﭘﻼﺳﻢ ﻣﻨﺪاب ﺑﺎﻧﮏ ژن ﮔﯿﺎﻫﯽ ﻣﻠﯽ اﯾﺮان

Study on genetic diversity of Rocket germplasm of the National Plant Gene-Bank of Iran (NPGBI)

ﺑﻪ ﻣﻨﻈﻮر ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﺗﻨﻮع ژﻧﺘﯿﮑﯽ ژرم ﭘﻼﺳﻢ ﻣﻨﺪاب ﺑﺎﻧﮏ ژن ﮔﯿﺎﻫﯽ ﻣﻠﯽ اﯾﺮان، ﺗﻌﺪاد 161 ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ ﻣﻨﺪاب در ﭘﺎﯾﯿﺰ 1397 در ﻣﺰرﻋﻪ ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻘﺎﺗﯽ ﻣﻮﺳﺴﻪ اﺻﻼح و ﺗﻬﯿﻪ ﻧﻬﺎل و ﺑﺬر در ﮐﺮج ﻣﻮرد ﮐﺸﺖ ﻗﺮار ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻨﺪ. در ﻓﺼﻞ رﺷﺪ ارزﯾﺎﺑﯽ ﺻﻔﺎت ﺑﺮ اﺳﺎس دﺳﺘﻮراﻟﻌﻤﻞ ﺟﺎﻣﻊ ﻣﻨﺪاب ﻣﺆﺳﺴﻪ ذﺧﺎﯾﺮ ﺗﻮارﺛﯽ ﺑﯿﻦ اﻟﻤﻠﻠﯽ ﺻﻮرت ﭘﺬﯾﺮﻓﺖ. ﺻﻔﺎت ﻣﻮرد ارزﯾﺎﺑﯽ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ وﯾﮋﮔﯽ ﻫﺎي آﮔﺮوﻧﻮﻣﯿﮏ، ﻣﻮرﻓﻮﻟﻮژﯾﮏ و ﻓﻨﻮﻟﻮژﯾﮏ ﮐﻪ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ 17 ﺻﻔﺖ ﮐﻤﯽ و 50 ﺻﻔﺖ ﮐﯿﻔﯽ ﺑﻮد. از ﻣﯿﺎن ﺻﻔﺎت ﮐﻤﯽ ﺑﯿﺸﺘﺮﯾﻦ ﺗﻨﻮع ﻓﻨﻮﺗﯿﭙﯽ ﺑﺮ اﺳﺎس آﻣﺎر ﺗﻮﺻﯿﻔﯽ و درﺻﺪ ﺿﺮﯾﺐ ﺗﻐﯿﯿﺮات ﻣﺮﺑﻮط ﺑﻪ ﺻﻔﺎت ﻋﺮض دﻣﺒﺮگ، ﻃﻮل ﺑﺮگ، ﻃﻮل دﻣﺒﺮگ و وزن داﻧﻪ ﺳﯿﻠﯿﮑﺎ و ﮐﻤﺘﺮﯾﻦ ﺗﻨﻮع ﻣﻮﺟﻮد ﻣﺮﺑﻮط ﺑﻪ ﺻﻔﺎت روز ﺗﺎ 50 درﺻﺪ ﮔﻠﺪﻫﯽ و رﺳﯿﺪن ﺑﻮد. ﺑﺮ اﺳﺎس ﺷﺎﺧﺺ ﺷﺎﻧﻮن ﺻﻔﺎت رﻧﮓ اوﻟﯿﻪ ﭘﻮﺷﺶ ﺑﺬر، ﺿﺨﺎﻣﺖ ﺳﺎﻗﻪ، ﺷﮑﻞ ﺣﺎﺷﯿﻪ ﺑﺮگ، ﺧﻮاﺑﯿﺪﮔﯽ و رﻧﮓ ﻣﺤﻮر ﺧﻮﺷﻪ داراي ﺑﯿﺸﺘﺮﯾﻦ ﺗﻨﻮع در ﺑﯿﻦ ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ ﻫﺎ ﺑﻮد. ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﺣﺎﺻﻞ از اﯾﻦ ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﺑﯿﺎﻧﮕﺮ ﺗﻨﻮع ﻗﺎﺑﻞ ﻣﻼﺣﻈﻪ اي در ﺑﯿﻦ ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ ﻫﺎ ﺑﻮد و ﻣﯽﺗﻮان از آن در ﺟﻬﺖ ﻣﻌﺮﻓﯽ ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ- ﻫﺎﯾﯽ ﺑﺎ ﺳﺎﺧﺘﺎر زراﻋﯽ ﻣﺘﻨﻮع ﺑﺮاي اﻫﺪاف ﭘﯿﺶ اﺻﻼﺣﯽ و اﺻﻼح ﮔﯿﺎه ﻣﻨﺪاب ﺑﻬﺮه ﺟﺴﺖ.

In order to study the genetic diversity of rocket germplasm of NPGBI, 161 accessions were evaluated in the SPII field in 2019. During growing season, traits were recorded according to Rocket instruction of Biodiversity International Descriptors. Traits evaluated Includes agronomical, morphological and phenological characteristics, including 17 quantitative and 50 qualitative traits. The results showed among the quantitative traits, the highest phenotypic diversity was in petiole width, leaf length, petiole length and weight of seeds per siliqua traits and lowest diversity was related to agro-morphological traits such as 50% flowering and days to maturity in based on descriptive statistics and percentage of coefficient of variation. Also among qualitative traits based on Shannon index, primary seed coat colour, stem thickening, leaf blade blistering, lodging and rasem axis colour traits showed the most diversity between accessions. This study showed considerable diversity between accessions and these information can be used to introduce samples with diverse agronomic structure and pre-breeding and breeding purposes of rocket plant.