ADME and PASS prediction studies of six different Schiff bases of cinnamaldehyde derivatives

Cinnamaldehyde is an aromatic aldehyde which is one of the most basic compounds in cinnamon oil. A wide range of studies about bioactive properties in cinnamaldehyde have indicated that it possesses several medicinal and biological activities, such as anticancer, antibacterial, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antifungal, etc. [1]. During the time-consuming processes of drug discovery and development, a large number of molecular structures are evaluated against a range of parameters. It contributes to effective selection of chemicals for synthesis, testing, and promotion. The ultimate goal such process is to identify the chemicals with the best chance of transformation. Hence, to study the essential pharmacokinetic properties of the compounds, in-silico methods are a valid elective to primary experiments. Therefore, this can be a logical way to decrease labor and related costs [2, 3]. In this study, six different Schiff base cinnamaldehyde compounds derivatives were collected from the corresponding cinnamaldehyde and ADME (absorption, distribution, identification of the metabolism and excretion) properties of the compounds were investigated. For this purpose, the web-based SwissADME has been employed. SwissADME is a validated free web tool to predict and evaluated the pharmacokinetics, drug-likeness and medicinal chemistry friendliness of small molecules. In-silico ADME prediction of compounds represents a potential to develop as good oral drug candidates. A molecule that is probably called an active oral drug candidate should not exhibit more than one violation of the following four Criteria: logP (waterethanol partition coefficient) ≤5, molecular weight ≤500, no hydrogen bond acceptors ≤10 and number of hydrogen bond donors ≤5. These Schiff base compounds follow the criteria of orally active drugs and thus, can be considered as oral drug candidates. Furthermore, the topological polar surface area values of compounds ranges from 35.85 to 81.78 [4-9]. Moreover, some biological activities of the compounds were predicted by PASS (Prediction of Activity Spectra for Substances) online software. This computer program predicts the biological activity of a compound on the basis of its structural formula [10-12]. Two studied compounds represented the maximum probable (pa = 0.457 and 0.432) antineoplastic (multiple myeloma) activity, while two other compounds show the highest probable (pa=0.499 and 0.567) antihypoxic activities among the other compounds. Furthermore, the last compound demonstrates a high antiprotozoal (amoeba) property (Pa= 0.486) compared to the other compounds. What is more, one of the compounds which has the Pa value equal to 0.529 shows the highest antimycobacterial activity [6-9].