بررسي تطبيقي خواص درماني و مضرات شوكران (Conium maculatum L.) از منظر طب ايراني و طب آلوپاتي

Comparative study of medicinal properties and harms of Hemlock (Conium maculatum L.) from the perspective of traditional medicine and modern medicine

شوكران گياه دارويي است كه داراي متابوليت هاي ثانويه با ارزش بوده و به منظور كاربردهاي دارويي و صنعتي، كشت آن متداول مي باشد. لذا هدف از اين مطالعه، بررسي خواص درماني و مضرات گياه شوكران در متون طب ايراني و مطالعات طب آلوپاتي مي باشد. اين تحقيق، مطالعه اي مروري است كه بر اساس جستجو در كتاب هاي مرجع طب ايراني موجود در نرم افزار جامع طب نور و پايگاه هاي اطلاعاتي SID، Magiran، IranMedex،ISC ،Scopus ، PubMed، Science Direct و Google Scholar انجام شده است. طبق يافته ها؛ شوكران كه با نام Hemlock هم شناخته مي شود يكي از گياهان دارويي و سمّي تيره چتريان محسوب مي شود. در طب ايراني شوكران در درمان بيماري هاي مربوط به كليه، مثانه، تخمدان ها و بيضه ها، دردهاي مفاصل، آرتريت، سياتيك، يبوست، زخم هاي روده اي و تب كاربرد دارد. همچنين در مطالعات رايج و طب آلوپاتي، خواص آنتي اكسيداني، ضد ميكروبي، ضد التهابي، ضد انعقادي و ضد درد بودن آن مورد بررسي قرار گرفته است. مطالعه انجام شده حاكي از آن است با توجه به ميزان تأثير آن در درمان بيماري هاي مختلف كه مهم ترين آنها سرطان مي باشد؛ اين گياه دارويي با ارزش مي تواند جايگزين درمان هاي تهاجمي و با عارضه داروهاي شيميايي شود. البته به دليل وجود آلكالوئيد هاي سمي، بايد در مصرف آن دقت شود.

Hemlock is one of the medicinal plants that have valuable secondary metabolites and it is commonly cultivated for medcinal and industrial applications.Therefore, the purpose of this study is to investigate the therapeutic properties and harms of the hemlock plant in traditional medicine texts and modern studies. This research is a review study that was collected and categorized based on the search in the traditional medicine reference books available in the Noor Medicine software and SID, Magiran, IranMedex, ISI, Scopus, PubMed, Science Direct and Google Scholar databases. Findings: Hemlock is a plant of the Conium genus and Apiaceae family, which is considered one of the medicinal and poisonous plants in traditional Iranian medicine. In the past, Hemlock was also called Doras Tafti, Bikh Kuhi and Taft Bikh. All parts of this plant contain toxic alkaloids. Hemlock has many uses in traditional medicine and is used in diseases related to various organs such as kidney disease, bladder, ovaries and testicles, hinge pains, arthritis, sciatica, constipation, intestine ulcers, fever treatment and uterine and women diseases. Also, in modern studies, in addition to the mentioned cases in traditional medicine, some properties have been investigated, such as antioxidant, antimicrobial, anti inflammatory, anti coagulant and pain kilker. The conducted study indicates that since ancient times, hemlock has been widely used in traditional medicine and plays an important role in the treatment of many diseases, both local and systemic.Common studies also confirm these therapeutic phenomena. Considering its effectiveness in helping to treat various diseases, the most important of which is cancer; this valuable medicinal plant can be replaced with aggressive treatment and side effect of chemical drugs. Of course, due to the presence of toxic alkaloids, it should be used carefully.