Nanoparticle-based Diagnosis as an Applicable Method: Exosomal Biomarkers for Cancer Detection

consuming. Quantifying exosomes as a nanoparticle-based approach can overcome challenges by assuring a valid and reliable diagnosis. Exosomes (40-150 nm sized) released by tumor cells can be used as biomarkers for cancer detection. Methods: In this research, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), flow cytometry and nanoparticle tracking analysis (NTA) were used for detecting and quantifying exosomes. Results and discussion: Exosomal-based diagnostics have a great potential for detecting and monitoring patients especially with inoperable tumors because using exosomes supply appropriate and ample liquid biopsy (hundreds of millions per mL of blood). Conclusion: The benefits of exosomal-based diagnosis are the detection of concerning lesions that imaging scans cannot distinguish, the prediction of patient response to therapy, and the superiority and stability compared to other liquid biopsies. Therefore, these nanoparticles offer an applicable, clinically unique biomarker content that can be used in combination with other types of liquid biopsies, too. Overall, the application of the nanoparticle-based diagnosis is a promising method for cancer detection.