Zein nanofibrous scaffold containing 58S bioactive glass for bone regeneration (an In vitro study)

Aim and Background: Fractures, trauma, inherited bone abnormalities, and tumor excision all lead to bone defects. Nanofibrous scaffolds are preferable tissue regeneration candidates because they mimic extracellular matrix. 58S is a bioactive glass composed of three components: 58% SiO2, 38% CaO, and 4% P2O5. Zein is a natural, biocompatible and biodegradable polymer that has received FDA approval. In this study we prepared a nanofibrous scaffolds and evaluated morphology, bioactivity, biodegradation and osteogenesis. Methods: In this study we manufactured Zein Nano fibrous scaffolds containing 2% (w/v) and 4% (w/v) 58S bioactive glass by electrospining method. Scaffolds morphology and bioactivity characterized by scanning electron microscope, following that scaffolds were immersed in PBS, and weight of them measured in various time points. Alizarin red staining was used to assess osteogenesis effect of scaffolds on bMSC cells. Results and discussion: The SEM results showed that the nanofibrous morphology is smooth, cylindrical and beads bid free in all experimental groups. The Hydroxycarbonate Apatite Crystals Were Accumulated on surface Scaffolds, as Demonstrated by SEM Images of Bioactivity Assessment. Moreover degradation rate of all scaffolds were about 20% during 21 days. Conclusion: the acquired results demonstrated that the manufactured scaffolds are biocompatible, bioactive and osteogenic and could be suitable candidate for bone regeneration