بررسي آزمايشگاهي، بهينه‌سازي و مطالعه ميداني جداسازي آب از نفت توليدي به كمك تلفيق روش حرارتي و استفاده از مواد تعليق شكن سطحي

Laboratory Investigation, Optimization and Field Study of Water Separation from Produced Oil by Combining Thermal Process and Simultaneous Use of Demulsifier

پس از نصب و راه‌اندازي پمپ‌هاي الكتريكي درون‌چاهي آب همراه از مقدار حداكثري طراحي مركز (10 درصد) تجاوز كرد و درنتيجه ادامه عمليات تنها با كاهش مقدار و درصد آب ورودي ميسر مي شد. گام اول اندازه‌گيري مقدار آب همراه نفت توليدي در آزمايشگاه بود كه در فواصل و زمان‌بندي منظم بايد صورت مي گرفت.در مرحله بعد چهار امولسيون زدا صنعتي جهت فرآيند جداسازي آب پراكنده شده در نفت (امولسيون آب در نفت) انتخاب شدند كه بهره‌وري هر يك با شبيه‌سازي شرايط عمليات در آزمايشگاه مورد بررسي قرار گرفت. در نهايت يكي از امولسيون زداها با توجه به بازدهي نتايج آزمايشگاهي و شرايط عملياتي براي استفاده در جريان عمليات انتخاب شد. گام بعدي استفاده از امولسيون زدا در شرايط عملياتي بود كه در همان روزهاي اوليه تيم مهندسي دريافت تنها با تكيه بر استفاده از امولسيون زدا در فرآيند توليد قادر به كاهش مقدار آب توليدي نخواهد بود. بنابراين با اضافه كردن خط هات-اويل (نفت گرم) از خروجي هيتر صنعتي به مخزن ذخيره نفت ورودي باهدف افزايش دماي نفت ورودي و بهينه‌سازي فرآيند جداسازي آب انجام شد. درنهايت با استفاده از هر دو تكنيك و راهكار تيم مهندسي موفق به تنظيم مقدار آب همراه نفت خام ورودي در محدوده عملياتي شدند.

This project represents the operational challenges of increasing water production during the process of crude oil production, which the author and his colleagues faced at the operational level. After the installation and operation of electric pumps in the well or ESP in line with the policy of increasing production and the technique of artificial extraction of crude oil, the amount of associated water production exceeded the maximum design amount the of Exploitation and Desalination Center (10%) The production operation was possible only by reducing the amount and percentage of incoming water. The first step was to measure the amount of water with the produced oil in the laboratory, which had to be done at regular intervals and timings. Next, four industrial demulsifiers were selected for the process of separating water dispersed in oil (water-in-oil emulsion). The efficiency of each was investigated by simulating toperatingion conditions in the laboratory. The reaction speed and the amount of separation were the two main indicators of the efficiency of each of the demulsifiers. Finally, one of the demulsifiers was selected according to the efficiency of the laboratory results and operating conditions to be used during the operation. The next step was to use the demulsifier in operational and field conditionch in the early days of the engineering team found that it would not be able to reduce the amount of water produced by relying only on the use of the demulsifier in the production process. So, the issue of changing and modifying piping in the operation and desalination center was to add a hot-oil (hot oil) line from the output of the industrial heater to the input oil storage tank with the aim of increasing the input oil temperature and optimizing. The water separation process was done. Finally, by using both techniques and solutions, the engineering team managed to adjust the amount of water along with the incoming crude oil within the operating range, and the process of crude oil production and export continued from the joint fields.