Study on the preparation, properties, and performance of new superparamagnetic nanocomposite of PANI-Fe3O4-TiO2 in polymer solar cells

In this paper, a green simple and insitu approach for synthesizing PANI-Fe3O4-TiO2 nanocomposite without the need for an organic solvent is described. The nanocomposite s structural, thermal, morphological, optical, electrochemical, and photovoltaic characteristics were studied. Due to a significant spin-orbit coupling formed by Fe3O4 in the PANI-Fe3O4-TiO2 nanocomposite, the gap energy of the nanocomposite revealed an indirect transfer. The P-N heterojunction solar cell based on this nanocomposite have been fabricated with device structures of FTO│TiO2│PANI-Fe3O4-TiO2│Al. PANI-Fe3O4-TiO2 nanocomposite exhibited a good device performance with rather than high power conversion efficiency (PCE). It can be due to the various effects such as the forming of P–N hetero-junction between PANI and TiO2, the magnetic field of Fe3O4, spin-orbit coupling, and/or singlet fission that caused an increase in the population of triplet state and consequently limit the recombination process.