Variable objective function algorithm in charging-discharging scheduling for vehicle-to-grid services

Electric vehicles batteries provide a large energy storage in an aggregator of EVs. In this paper, a method is proposed to improve the voltage profile of the point of common coupling and control the charging/discharging duration, the battery SOC, and the rate of charging/discharging of EVs battery. The constraints are also adopted to improve the network performance. In this method, a variable objective function algorithm is introduced, which, an appropriate objective function is determined based on the charging or discharging conditions and specified constraints. The proposed method uses the Newton-Raphson solver for load flow analysis. Considering that the penetration of EVs and battery SOC at any time is random, this paper extracts and analyzes the data that is available through national household travel surveys (NHTS). In order to determine the desired parameters, two stochastic algorithms are integrated with Monte Carlo simulations. To improve the proposed method performance with conventional methods under high EVs - penetration, an IEEE 14-bus system is used for real-time simulation.