مرکز منطقه ای اطلاع رساني علوم و فناوري - The Urban Population and City Settlements of Turkey Afterward of the New Metropolitan Law

Abstract :

In the areas where the population and urbanization rates are intense, to convenience municipality services, metropolitan municipalities have established since 1984. Metropolitan municipality statuses have started to be deployed by application of 3 cities in 1984 and applied for 16 cities until 1999.With the applications of metropolitan municipality, some other settlements which are located near metropolitan city areas, in despite of rural characteristics, included as a neighborhood and counted as an urban population within the borders of metropolitan municipality.The numbers of metropolitan cities were 16 by 2012, by this year; with the 6360 numbered law came into force and increased the number of metropolitan municipality to 30. With this new low, borders of the provinces were accepted as service frontier in metropolitan municipalities. And also town municipalities and villages were removed for judicial characteristics and counted as a neighborhood.The result of new configuration, rural settlements merged with the tied district center and formed metropolitan municipality in new 30 metropolitan municipalities. In other words, in 30 metropolitan municipalities, whole city is accepted as a unique city and counted as an urban population.The result of application of the new law, the number of cities was 388 in 2012 and decreased to 212 in 2013 and the urban population increased from 74,6 % to 89,8 %. After one year, the result of adding 15 % of rural population to urban population. This ratio corresponds above some Western European Countries (84,1%), developed Far East countries like South Korea and Japan (81,3%) with USA (81,4%).The aim of this study, to observe spatial distribution of cities based on urban population of Turkey with size, after the new metropolitan municipality law.TUIK (Turkish Statistical Institute) were the sources of study, census data were tabled on Microsoft Excel 2010 software and used for the classification of cities.Cities were classified by their size, population data were took up by statistical method and mapped by geographic information systems software (ArcMap 10.1) to put forward spatial distributions.At the end of the research, it is pointed out that after the application of this law there will be some problems and a new query system should be developed for TUIK-ADNKS, in Turkey, in order to calculate correctly the rural characterized neighborhoods.