Author/Authors :
Dohvoma, VA University of Yaoundé I - Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Cameroon , Dohvoma, VA Yaoundé Central Hospital - Ophthalmology unit, Cameroon , Ebana Mvogo, SR University of Yaoundé I - Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Cameroon , Nomo, AF University of Yaoundé I - Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Cameroon , Epee, E. University of Yaoundé I - Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Cameroon , Epee, E. Yaoundé Central Hospital - Ophthalmology unit, Cameroon , Owono, D University of Yaoundé I - Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Cameroon , Owono, D Yaoundé Central Hospital - Ophthalmology unit, Cameroun , Akono Zoua, ME , Mvilongo, TC Yaoundé Central Hospital - Ophthalmology unit, Cameroon , Nguena, MB Yaoundé Central Hospital - Ophthalmology unit, Cameroon , Ebana Mvogo, C University of Yaoundé I - Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Cameroon , Ebana Mvogo, C Yaoundé Central Hospital - Ophthalmology unit, Cameroon
Abstract :
Purpose. To describe peripheral retinal degenerations in myopic eyes in a hospital-based setting. Patients and methods. Myopic patients aged at least 5 years old seen between January and December 2015 in whom peripheral retinal examination was done using a 3-mirror lens were included. Myopia was defined as a spherical equivalence of ≤ -0.50 D on automatic refraction (following cycloplegia with cyclopentolate and tropicamide in patients 40 years). Myopia - 6 D was considered pathologic. Chi-square test was used to compare proportions and a significance level was set at 5%. Results. A total of 74 eyes of 37 patients (of whom 62.2% females) were included. The age group of 20-30 years represented 37.8%. Non-pathologic myopia was present in 42 eyes (56.8%). The prevalence of degenerative lesions was 89.5% (95.2% in those with non-pathologic myopia and 87.5% in those with pathologic myopia) P=0.227. The most frequent degenerations were snowflakes, white without pressure and pigmentary degeneration. Lattice degeneration and retinal hole were found in 8.1% (n=6) and 9.5% (n=7) of eyes respectively. Lattice degeneration occurred more frequently in pathologic myopia, though the difference was not significant (15.6% vs 4.8%; p=0.1). Retinal hole was more common in eyes with pathologic myopia (p=0.03). Conclusion. Careful examination of the peripheral retina is recommended in all forms of myopia. Patient education on vitreous and retinal detachment symptoms and the need to seek urgent care is essential.
