Author/Authors :
hamadou, bâ yaoundé central hospital - cardiology unit, Cameroon , hamadou, bâ university of yaoundé 1 - faculty of medicine and biomedical sciences, Cameroon , amougou, sylvie ndongo university of yaoundé 1 - faculty of medicine and biomedical sciences, Cameroon , sadou, hamadou university of yaoundé 1 - faculty of medicine and biomedical sciences, Cameroon , kamdem, félicité douala general hospital, Douala, Cameroon , kamdem, félicité university of douala - faculty of medicine and pharmaceuticals sciences, Douala, Cameroon , nganou, chris nadège yaoundé central hospital - cardiology unit, Cameroon , nganou, chris nadège university of yaoundé 1 - faculty of medicine and biomedical sciences, Cameroon , kuate-mfeukeu, liliane yaoundé central hospital - cardiology unit, Cameroon , kuate-mfeukeu, liliane university of yaoundé 1 - faculty of medicine and biomedical sciences, Cameroon , boombhi, jerôme university of yaoundé 1 - faculty of medicine and biomedical sciences, Cameroon , boombhi, jerôme yaoundé general hospital - cardiology unit, Cameroon , menanga, alain patrick university of yaoundé 1 - faculty of medicine and biomedical sciences, Cameroon , menanga, alain patrick yaoundé general hospital - cardiology unit, Cameroon , kingue, samuel university of yaoundé 1 - faculty of medicine and biomedical sciences, Cameroon , kingue, samuel yaoundé general hospital - cardiology unit, Cameroon
Abstract :
Introduction. There are few studies on the prevalence of hypertensive retinopathy and the specific role of pulse pressure in the occurrence of cardiovascular complications in general and hypertensive retinopathy in particular in Cameroon. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between pulse pressure, hypertensive retinopathy and cardiovascular risk in a group of hypertensive patients in Cameroon. Methods. We carried out an analytic cross-sectional study from October 2016 to May 2017 in three hospitals in Garoua (Cameroon). We included all known hypertensive patients aged over 18 years consulting in selected hospitals, who provided their written inform consent. Patients with concomitant diabetes or presenting a contraindication to eye dilation were excluded. Each patient underwent an interview using a standard questionnaire, physical examination with including measurement of blood pressure and anthropometric parameters. A complete eye examination was carried out in search of hypertensive retinopathy. Results. We included 130 participants (65.4% females) with a mean age of 53.18 ± 10.7 years, and a mean duration of hypertension of 5.9 years. 79.2% of participants were on pharmacological treatment – mainly calcium inhibitors (50.3%) and thiazides diuretics (17.2%). 23.9% already presented with target organ lesions. Hypertensive retinopathy was seen in 16% of patients, and was associated with male sex, target organ damage, and age ≥65 years. Pulse pressure correlated with age, mean arterial blood pressure and systolic blood pressure. However, we found no association between pulse pressure and hypertensive retinopathy. Conclusion: Hypertensive retinopathy is frequent in Cameroonian hypertensive patients, and is associated with other target organ lesions but not with pulse pressure.
