مرکز منطقه ای اطلاع رساني علوم و فناوري - IDEAL TYPE OF HUMAN ACCORDING TO HACI BEKTAS VELI AND SOREN KIERKEGAARD

Abstract :

The idea of Haci Bektash Veli, a Turkish Sufi of the 13th century, was focused on the humans. In his idea, the human is superior to other beings; however, many people are not aware of this superiority. The aim of Haci Bektash Veli was to make people mature by enabling them to become aware of their essence. According to Haci Bektas Veli, the humans could get mature only by approaching the God. The philosophy of Soren Kierkegaard, a Danish Protestant philosopher of the 19th century representing the existential philosopher, was also focused on the humans. Similar to Haci Bektash Veli, he also put forward that the actual reality concerning the human was the human’s own essence. The aim of Kierkegaard was also to make the people mature by enabling them to become aware of their own essence. He also believed that this is only possible through approaching the God. In Sufism, the people who achieve this are mostly called as insan-i kâmil (the perfect human being) while other names such as eren (saint) and dervish are also used. Kierkegaard named such people as the knights of faith. This study compares Haci Bektash Veli’s ideal type of human, insan-i kâmil, and Kierkegaard’s ideal type of human, the knight of faith, in terms of their life styles, their relations with the God, and the stages they go through. The results of the study indicate that the common traits of the knight of faith and insan-i kamil outweigh the traits that distinguish them from each other. Both thinkers made evaluations on the story of Prophet Abraham, and they both considered the faith not only as belief in God, but also as forsaking the transient world for the God, abandoning even the most-loved one, resisting to the grief, and above all, submission to the God.