مرکز منطقه ای اطلاع رساني علوم و فناوري

Abstract :

This study is carried out in between 2006-2012 years. Materials of it collected from all over the country and identified by the classic systematic literatures. Voucher specimens are deposited in GUL Herbarium of Süleyman Demirel University in Isparta. In this paper, important new systematic, geographical and ecological characters, and also economical usage values of all Türkiye’s roses were determined by literature and field observations. In addition to this, some known characters in the genus were broadened. In the result, totally 45 taxa as natural and garden roses are being grown in Türkiye. Hybridisation among taxa is very high and an important part of old garden roses of Türkiye are natural hybrids of least two taxa, they may be too hybrided from 3, 4 and more natural taxa or another hybrid. Some cultured varieties have been formed by gene transference in last time. Most of the taxa are distributed in 1000-2000 m from sea level in Türkiye. They prefer limestone, vulcanic and conglomerate rocks. This land structure with three-rocks is being distributed in Mediterranean region of the country in genera L. Orogenic belt of the Mediterranean is being accepted as gene center and differentiation region of the genus by us. There are almost 30 factories working on extraction and distillation of rose flowers and fruits in the country. Rose oil factories are established in Lakes Region (Isparta, Burdur and Afyonkarahisar provinces) and also fruit factories in Tokat, Gümüşhane and Erzincan provinces. Rose flower production for gaining rose oil is being done only in Lakes Region in nowadays. R. damascena is cultured in nearly 35000 da and its flowers are manipulated in 25 rose oil factories of the region. The fruit collection and manipulation for domestic deprivations are being done by local people in all over Türkiye, especially Gümüşhane, Tokat, Erzincan, Erzurum, Trabzon etc. but there are their industries only in Gümüşhane, Tokat, Erzincan provinces. Distributions of Turkish roses according to phytogeographical regions, continents, polytical regions, countries, flowering and fruiting times, main rock preferings and elevations are being given and interpreted in the paper.