مرکز منطقه ای اطلاع رساني علوم و فناوري - Malformations of cortical development and epilepsy: Clinical, EEG and neuroimaging findings in children

Abstract :

Objective: of this study was to evaluate the relationship between clinical and treatment features of malformations of cortical development (MCD) in children. Methods: We performed a comprehensive analysis of EEG features, treatment, clinical and neuroimaging findings in 40 consecutive patients. Results: We are reporting a series of 40 cases with cortical malformation and epilepsy. The ages of our patients at the time of evaluation varied between 4 month and 17 years with a mean of 5.4 years. 57.5% were male and 12.2% of the cases had a family history of epilepsy or other neurological disease, and 15% had gestational or a perinatal insult. Delayed motor and mental milestones were observed in 70%. All type of seizures were reported, but generalized seizures was the most common (18/40, 45%). Patients were on either a single antiepiletic drug (13/40, 32.5 %) or multiple drugs (27/40, 67.5%). Complete seizure control was achieved in 19/40 patients (45.5%), partial control in 7/40 (17.5%) patients, and no control in 14/40 (35%). Lissencephaly, schizencephaly and polymicrogyria were seen as the most common neuroimaging findings in our study. Epilepsy was controlled in most patients with schizencepahly and polymicrogyria. In contrast, seizures were not controlled in patients with lissencephaly and hemimegalencephaly. Conclusion: Malformations of cortical development are responsible for a wide spectrum of clinical manifestations that include develomental delay, mental retardation and medically refractory epilepsy.