مرکز منطقه ای اطلاع رساني علوم و فناوري - Regional Situation of Poverty and Emigration at the Level 1 in Turkey

Abstract :

In 2002 formation of the Level 1 regions composed of 12 sub regions created in considering physical, geographical and socio-economic conditions of the regions were completed. Since 1983 the liberal economy took place, there has been continuously migration from the East to West in Turkey. It is known that the most important reasons for this emigration are the lower monthly incomes and poverty. In this study, it was aimed to figure out the reasons of the changes in Levels 1 Zones; by comparing population, emigration/immigration rate, and income distribution situations.. In the study, it was determined that the most immigrated regions was the eastern Marmara region and Istanbul, and the highest emigration areas were shifting to the east over the years to Northeast and Southeast Anatolia regions by comparing region statistics and TUİK data between 2000-2011. As to distribution of income between the years 2006-2010, the largest increase was recorded from the Southeastern Anatolia, and the least rate was obtained in the western Marmara region. Consequently migration causes various problems in the provinces in terms of emigration and immigration. Cities with emigration face labor problems on the other hand the ones with immigration faces socio-cultural and economic problems as well as the problem of unplanned urbanization. In this respect, in immigrated provinces, provision of employment opportunities should be created and quality of life of people should be tried to increase. Migration in the provinces in terms of revenue growth to keep people in the region to ensure that the creation of new employment opportunities, increase the of the region and is thought to be a need to develop policies to support these regions. From the point of emigrated cities, again new employment provisions should be created in order to make people stay in the region as well as improving policies to support these regions and make some promotions to increase their attractiveness.