مرکز منطقه ای اطلاع رساني علوم و فناوري

Abstract :

At present, biotechnology is one of scientific fields that is the most popular and open to latest advances. Plant biotechnology is one of these fields and molecular marker technologies used in this area appears to be an important biotechnological tool. With molecular marker, any gene in the genome or gene region related with any piece of DNA is represented. After the discovery of Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR), a large number of molecular marker techniques which are commonly used have been developed such as Amplified Fragment Length Polymorphism (AFLP), Simple Sequence Repeats (SSR), Sequence-Related Amplified Polymorphism (SRAP), Single Nucleotide Polymorphism (SNP) and Inter Simple Sequence Repeat (ISSR). These marker technologies are used effectively in many fields such as physical mapping, gene discovery and tagging, phylogenetic studies, evolutionary genetic and genetic diversity studies. As a result, molecular markers have brought expansive dimensions in plant biotechnology studies, enabling to get more efficient and rapid scientific results. In this study, general principles, advantages-disadvantages and application areas of molecular marker technologies used in biotechnology are discussed.