Author/Authors :
ÖZTÜRK, Şahabettin Yüzüncü Yıl Üniversitesi - Mühendislik Mimarlık Fakültesi - Mimarlık Bölümü, Turkey
Abstract :
In Van and its surroundings, throughout history, adobe has been used as an important construction material such as in construction of towers (castles) and ramparts in military architecture, in construction of churches and mosques in religious architecture, and in construction of houses in civilian architecture. The most important features of the soil used in production of adobe are being arid, impermeable and having ideal sand-clay ratio. The mixture for production of adobe is prepared by mixing the soil with water and then treading it by bare feet. After treading process, the mud is collected using shovel and left on the ground for 2 days which is used for production of adobe and grout. After being casted, the mud is compressed by hands and its surface is polished. The adobe is lifted from ground and left to dry for several days. After drying, the adobe is piled in a triangle shape and is ready to be used. In production of Van Lake Basin, especially the material used in construction of walls of gardens, castles and ramparts is not adobe, is a material called “bat”. The mixture for bat is prepared in the same way like the mixture of adobe. However, in the mixture for bat, instead of straw, “kırcam” is used. Being arranged side by side and one on the top of the other, these walls after being dried, compared to adobe walls are more durable under snow, rain, wind, cold and hot environmental conditions Regarding their physical and chemical properties adobe structures are more suitable for living creature especially for human being. In the last years, being an important construction material of our architectural culture, adobe is being rapidly vanished. Neither in related to ministry nor in architecture, nothing is taught related to this subject.
NaturalLanguageKeyword :
Bat , Adobe , Soil , Mud , Flat Roof.
