THE APOPTOTIC EFFECTS OF TITANIUM DIOXIDE ON A549 CELLS

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Metal-based compounds have been used for a long time because of their potential effects and low toxicity. Metal compound cisplatin has been used medically against various types of cancer and has shown side effects. In present study, we researched the effects of titanium dioxide, which is considered as an alternative agent against cisplatin on the A549 cells and its apoptotic mechanism were investigated. The antiproliferative effects of titanium dioxide were determined using MTT viability analysis depending on the time and concentration intervals at 24, 48 and 72 hours. We assessed that titanium dioxide induced apoptosis. The IC30 concentration of titanium dioxide triggered early and late apoptosis for 72 hours in A549 cells. The IC30 concentration of titanium dioxide was shown to induce apoptosis by reducing mitochondrial membrane potential for 72 hours. However, caspase-3 activity was not observed. The IC30 concentration of titanium dioxide revealed an increase in apoptotic index with immunocytochemical analysis of hematoxylin and eosin, TUNEL, BrdU, Bcl-2 and Bax for 72 hours. The apoptotic structures were scanned by using confocal and TEM microscopy in A549 cells for 72 hours. These results show that titanium dioxide induce antiproliferative and apoptotic effects on A549 cells and that titanium dioxide may be a potential chemotherapeutic agent like cisplatin.

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TiO2 , Antiproliferative , Apoptosis , Immunocytochemistry , A549

Anadolu University Journal of Science and Technology C - Life Sciences and Biotechnology

54

Anadolu University Journal of Science and Technology C - Life Sciences and Biotechnology