Space–charge conditions in a reflected flow of electrons

Some characteristic features of a reflected flow of electrons are described, in particular variations of the virtual cathode and transit time with respect to current. This has been accomplished by finding new solutions to well-known basic equations treated earlier by Fay, Samuel, Shockley, Salzberg, Haeff and others. The results are applicable to problems where the current is varied while earlier solutions were considering the potential as variable. The theoretical results are found to be in agreement with experimental results obtained on reflex klystrons and space-charge deflection tubes.