Tutorial 12: An extention to outputs and actuators

This paper is an addendum to the fine tutorial by de Silva and Wang that was published last February (2008). De Silva and Wang´s tutorial introduced the basic types of outputs; it covered several important cases of mechatronics and displays. This tutorial addendum details some concerns with several of those actuators and outputs. It focuses on real-time systems found in instrumentation because they run many different devices, types of equipment, and vehicles.