DocumentCode
1019534
Title
Mini-review on topside sounding
Author
Jackson, J.E. ; Schmerling, Erwin R. ; Whitteker, J.H.
Author_Institution
Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD, USA
Volume
28
Issue
2
fYear
1980
fDate
3/1/1980 12:00:00 AM
Firstpage
284
Lastpage
288
Abstract
Ionospheric sounders flown on satellites have returned a wealth of global information of the electron density distribution from the 
-region electron peak upwards, not obtainable in any other way. This mini-review outlines the techniques used to obtain topside ionograms and reduce them to electron profiles, indicating the most important differences between ground-based and satellite-based ionograms. An attempt has been made here to indicate the most essential features, with the details provided in the cited references.
-region electron peak upwards, not obtainable in any other way. This mini-review outlines the techniques used to obtain topside ionograms and reduce them to electron profiles, indicating the most important differences between ground-based and satellite-based ionograms. An attempt has been made here to indicate the most essential features, with the details provided in the cited references.Keywords
Ionospheric measurements; Acoustic propagation; Electrons; Extraterrestrial measurements; Frequency; Geophysical measurements; Ionosphere; Plasmas; Reflection; Remote sensing; Satellite broadcasting;
fLanguage
English
Journal_Title
Antennas and Propagation, IEEE Transactions on
Publisher
ieee
ISSN
0018-926X
Type
jour
DOI
10.1109/TAP.1980.1142318
Filename
1142318
Link To Document