DocumentCode :
1019534
Title :
Mini-review on topside sounding
Author :
Jackson, J.E. ; Schmerling, Erwin R. ; Whitteker, J.H.
Author_Institution :
Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD, USA
Volume :
28
Issue :
2
fYear :
1980
fDate :
3/1/1980 12:00:00 AM
Firstpage :
284
Lastpage :
288
Abstract :
Ionospheric sounders flown on satellites have returned a wealth of global information of the electron density distribution from the 
-region electron peak upwards, not obtainable in any other way. This mini-review outlines the techniques used to obtain topside ionograms and reduce them to electron profiles, indicating the most important differences between ground-based and satellite-based ionograms. An attempt has been made here to indicate the most essential features, with the details provided in the cited references.
-region electron peak upwards, not obtainable in any other way. This mini-review outlines the techniques used to obtain topside ionograms and reduce them to electron profiles, indicating the most important differences between ground-based and satellite-based ionograms. An attempt has been made here to indicate the most essential features, with the details provided in the cited references.Keywords :
Ionospheric measurements; Acoustic propagation; Electrons; Extraterrestrial measurements; Frequency; Geophysical measurements; Ionosphere; Plasmas; Reflection; Remote sensing; Satellite broadcasting;
fLanguage :
English
Journal_Title :
Antennas and Propagation, IEEE Transactions on
Publisher :
ieee
ISSN :
0018-926X
Type :
jour
DOI :
10.1109/TAP.1980.1142318
Filename :
1142318
Link To Document :
