Array grating lobes due to periodic phase, amplitude, and time delay quantization

Simple approximate formulas and generalized curves to evaluate the grating lobe levels of various kinds of contiguous subarrays with uniform illumination within each subarray are presented. The cases considered include phase quantization due to discrete phase shifters, amplitude taper at subarray input ports and time delay at the subarray input ports. In addition, the work is generalized to include certain cases of quantized phase or time delay at the input ports in addition to amplitude taper at subarray input ports.