A Tree Structure One-Dimensional Based Algorithm for Estimating the Two-Dimensional Direction of Arrivals and Its Performance Analysis

A tree structure algorithm using one-dimensional (1D) multiple signal classification (MUSIC) algorithm is proposed to estimate the two-dimensional direction of arrivals (2D DOAs) of coherent signals impinging on a uniform rectangular array. The basic idea of the proposed algorithm is to successively apply several times of the 1D spatial smoothing MUSIC algorithm, in tree structure, to estimate the azimuth and the elevation angles independently. To optimally separate the receive signal, constrained spatial beamformers with adjustable null width are exploited in conjunction with the 1D spatial smoothing MUSIC algorithm to decompose the received signal into several signals each lead by its own 2D DOA. Performance analysis is provided to investigate the estimation bias caused by the residue signal propagating in the tree structure.