Applications of Long Distance Telephony on the Pacific Coast

This paper deals with the general problem of providing long distance telephone service on the Pacific Coast. A description of the present toll plant is given and the applications which have been made of recent developments in telephone practise are illustrated. Reference is made to the extensive use which has been made of carrier telephone and telegraph systems, and the many special problems, such as the loading of long toll entrance cables, which these systems introduce, are pointed out. The service to Catalina Island is described to illustrate the changes which are taking place in the communication art. This service was first provided by means of a radio link to which af privacy system was later added. This radio system was later replaced by two submarine cables between the island and the mainland. The mechanical and electrical characteristics of these cables are given, together with a description of the work of laying, which was done principally by the government cable ship, ``Dellwood.´´