Node and mesh analysis by inspection

This paper shows how to write node or mesh analysis linear circuit equations by inspection of the circuit schematic diagram and obtains two different matrix solutions of these equations. The linear circuit can have resistances or impedances, controlled sources, ideal operational amplifiers, or mutually coupled coils. The first matrix solution finds the node-voltage or mesh-current vector in terms of matrix operations with the inspection matrices. Also, this method gives a matrix solution for any arbitrary output vector in terms of the node-voltage or mesh-current solution vector, the independent-source vector, and the inspection matrices. The second matrix solution method finds the solution for a vector consisting of all node voltages or mesh currents, dependent sources, controlling variables, and any output variable(s) using a single matrix equation. Matrix methods of circuit analysis are now appropriate for student use because of the existence of calculators capable of solving large matrices and the availability of inexpensive math programs for personal computers