Title :
Comments on the accuracy of the "Ludwig" integration algorithm
Author_Institution :
Gen. Res. Corp., Santa Barbara, CA, USA
fDate :
4/1/1988 12:00:00 AM
Abstract :
The accuracy of the so-called Ludwig algorithm for solution of integrals arising from electromagnetic radiation problems, first reported by the author in 1968 (ibid., vol.AP-16, p.767-9, Nov. 1968), is shown to be better than results reported by others for the case of the pattern of a uniformly illuminated aperture. It is argued that the accuracy is very similar to results obtained using a Romberg-Simpson technique, and computer speed is superior if more than 4-5 sidelobes are computed. A comparison is also made with very recent results, and it is shown that the Ludwig algorithm´s accuracy is very competitive with the best results obtained with alternative techniques. The Ludwig algorithm does not exhibit the catastrophic failure shown by the alternative techniques and has the advantage of accepting data at arbitrary spacings.<>
Keywords :
antenna radiation patterns; electromagnetic waves; integration; Ludwig algorithm; Romberg-Simpson technique; antenna radiation patterns; catastrophic failure; electromagnetic radiation problems; integrals; uniformly illuminated aperture; Algorithm design and analysis; Apertures; Computer aided software engineering; Computer errors; Data analysis; Electromagnetic radiation; Gaussian processes; Libraries; Lighting;
Journal_Title :
Antennas and Propagation, IEEE Transactions on