A Rain-Attenuation Stochastic Dynamic Model for LEO Satellite Systems Above 10 GHz

In this paper, a new rain-attenuation stochastic dynamic channel model for low Earth orbit (LEO) satellite links operating above 10 GHz is proposed, taking into account the time dependence of elevation angle and its impact on rain-attenuation dynamics. The new synthesizer is based on the first-order stochastic differential equations (SDEs) and extends the well-known Maseng-Bakken (M-B) model for fixed satellite communication links. Moreover, an analytical closed-form expression of the rain-attenuation dynamic parameter is derived and used in the proposed synthesizer. The new channel model is validated in terms of the LEO-slant-path rain-attenuation exceedance probability. Finally, a new analytical model for the calculation of fade-slope conditional exceedance probability is presented, which is then validated with accurate simulations. The new models are directly applicable for the evaluation and design of fade mitigation techniques (FMTs) in LEO satellite systems operating at frequencies above 10 GHz.