Title :
Optical Flip-Flop Using Bistable Vertical-Cavity Semiconductor Optical Amplifiers With Anti-Resonant Reflecting Optical Waveguide
Author :
Zhang, W.L. ; Yu, S.F.
Author_Institution :
Sch. of Electr. & Electron. Eng., Nanyang Technol. Univ., Singapore, Singapore
Abstract :
Flip-flop operations of anti-resonant reflecting-optical-waveguide (ARROW) vertical-cavity semiconductor optical amplifiers (VCSOAs) under the influence of undesired high-order injection modes are investigated theoretically. Three types of flip-flop operations, namely: (1) flip-flop triggered by optical injection, (2) inverse flip-flop triggered by optical injection, and (3) flip-flop triggered by injection current, are to be considered in the studies. It is found that with the presence of ARROW, all three types of optical flip-flop are insensitive to high-order injection modes, and stable single-mode flip-flop can be maintained in the operation.
Keywords :
flip-flops; laser modes; optical bistability; optical waveguides; semiconductor optical amplifiers; ARROW; VCSOA; antiresonant reflecting optical waveguide; bistability; high-order injection modes; injection current; optical flip-flop; optical injection; vertical-cavity semiconductor optical amplifiers; Anti-resonant reflecting optical waveguide; optical bistability; optical flip-flop; optical switching; vertical-cavity semiconductor optical amplifier;
Journal_Title :
Lightwave Technology, Journal of
DOI :
10.1109/JLT.2009.2025664