Accelerated protection of distribution systems with tapped off loads

The paper presents a technique for accelerated protection of distribution systems with tapped off loads. In the technique, the sequence and superimposed signals are used to determine the remote circuit breaker operation, from which a decision on whether a fault is inside the protected section can be made. Extensive simulation studies with respect to a typical ring main system with tapped off loads show that the proposed technique is able to significantly increase the speed of response of the conventional time-grading-based protection scheme.