DocumentCode :
1094987
Title :
Application of a variational principle to systems with radiation loss
Author :
Haus, Hermann A. ; Islam, Mohammed N.
Author_Institution :
Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
Volume :
19
Issue :
1
fYear :
1983
fDate :
1/1/1983 12:00:00 AM
Firstpage :
106
Lastpage :
117
Abstract :
A variational principle for the frequency of electromagnetic systems with radiation is derived from Maxwell\´s equations. Expressions for the quality factor 
are obtained in three illustrative examples: a leaky transmission line resonator, a grating coupler, and a curved slab waveguide. Extensive numerical results for the of the grating coupler are presented in normalized form. By optimization of the variational expressions with respect to the amplitudes of the forward and backward waves, coupled-mode equations are derived for a grating structure. The variational formulas agree with results obtained from a perturbational analysis.
are obtained in three illustrative examples: a leaky transmission line resonator, a grating coupler, and a curved slab waveguide. Extensive numerical results for the of the grating coupler are presented in normalized form. By optimization of the variational expressions with respect to the amplitudes of the forward and backward waves, coupled-mode equations are derived for a grating structure. The variational formulas agree with results obtained from a perturbational analysis.Keywords :
Corrugated waveguides; Dielectric waveguides; Optical couplers; Optical planar waveguides; Optical waveguides; Planar optical waveguide; Transmission-line resonators; Variational methods; Waveguide bends; Couplings; Dielectrics; Electromagnetic radiation; Electromagnetic waveguides; Frequency; Gratings; Maxwell equations; Optical resonators; Optical waveguides; Surface waves;
fLanguage :
English
Journal_Title :
Quantum Electronics, IEEE Journal of
Publisher :
ieee
ISSN :
0018-9197
Type :
jour
DOI :
10.1109/JQE.1983.1071730
Filename :
1071730
Link To Document :
