SRAM for Error-Tolerant Applications With Dynamic Energy-Quality Management in 28 nm CMOS

In this paper, a voltage-scaled SRAM for both error-free and error-tolerant applications is presented that dynamically manages the energy/quality trade-off based on application need. Two variation-resilient techniques, write assist and Error Correcting Code, are selectively applied to bit positions having larger impact on the overall quality, while jointly performing voltage scaling to improve overall energy efficiency. The impact of process variations, voltage and temperature on the energy-quality tradeoff is investigated. A 28 nm CMOS 32 kb SRAM shows 35% energy savings at iso-quality and operates at a supply 220 mV below a baseline voltage-scaled SRAM, at the cost of 1.5% area penalty. The impact of the SRAM quality at the system level is evaluated by adopting a H.264 video decoder as case study.