A physical model of the low-current-density vacuum arc

Author

Bolotov, Alexander ; Kozyrev, Andrey ; Korolev, Yury

Author_Institution

Inst. of High-Current Electron., Acad. of Sci., Tomsk, Russia

Volume

23

Issue

6

fYear

1995

fDate

12/1/1995 12:00:00 AM

Firstpage

884

Lastpage

892

Abstract

A one-dimensional (1-D) physical model of the low-current-density steady-state vacuum arc is proposed. The model is based on the continuity equations for ions and electrons and the energy balance for the discharge system; the electric potential distribution in the discharge gap is assumed to be nonmonotonic. It is supposed that the ion current at the cathode is generated within the cathode potential fall region due to the ionization of the evaporated atoms by the plasma thermal electrons having Boltzmann´s energy distribution. The model offers a satisfactory explanation for the principal regularities of a hot-cathode vacuum arc with diffuse attachment of the current. The applicability of the model proposed to the explanation of some processes occurring in a vacuum arc, such as the flow of fast ions toward the anode, the current cutoffs and voltage bursts, and the backward motion of a cathode spot in a transverse magnetic field is discussed

Keywords

cathodes; ionisation; plasma theory; vacuum arcs; Boltzmann´s energy distribution; cathode ion curent; continuity equations; curent diffuse attachment; current cutoffs; discharge gap; electric potential distribution; energy balance; evaporated atoms; fast ion flow; hot-cathode vacuum arc; low-current-density vacuum arc; one-dimensional physical model; plasma thermal electrons; transverse magnetic field; voltage bursts; Anodes; Cathodes; Electric potential; Electrons; Equations; Ionization; Plasmas; Steady-state; Vacuum arcs; Voltage;

fLanguage

English

Journal_Title

Plasma Science, IEEE Transactions on

Publisher

ieee

ISSN

0093-3813

Type

jour

DOI

10.1109/27.476470

Filename

476470