An analysis of intersecting diffused channel waveguides

The coupling characteristics of intersecting diffused channel waveguides are computed for realistic three-dimensional diffusion profiles by means of the propagating beam method (PBM). Both TE and TM polarizations are treated for waveguides formed on -cut LiNbO3. Good agreement between computed and previously reported measured results is found for the TE polarization. Agreement between computed and measured results is not as good for the TM polarization. This is explained by the fact that the applicable -waveguide supports four modes, which should make coupling characteristics very sensitive to input conditions.