DocumentCode :
1111592
Title :
Historical introduction to EMF health effects
Author :
Bren, Stephan P Albert
Author_Institution :
Madigan Army Med. Center, Tacoma, WA, USA
Volume :
15
Issue :
4
fYear :
1996
Firstpage :
24
Lastpage :
30
Abstract :
The history is traced from the knowledge of the ancient Greeks, through the effects of "static electricity" in the eighteenth century, to the nineteenth century which saw rapid developments in electrotechnology and also in medical uses of electricity and magnetism. Through the nineteenth century, attention began to shift from the applications of static electricity to those of galvanic current. The beginning of the twentieth century marked a period of intense interest of physiologists into the modes of interaction of RF energy with biological systems. Public controversy arose over the issue of microwave oven safety. Finally other questions of cancer in relation to ELF bioeffects and power-frequency magnetic and electric fields are addressed
Keywords :
bioelectric phenomena; biological effects of fields; biological effects of microwaves; biomagnetism; distribution networks; health hazards; history; legislation; safety; ELF bioeffects; EMF health effects; RF energy; ancient Greeks; biological systems; cancer; eighteenth century; electric fields; electricity; electrotechnology; galvanic current; historical introduction; magnetism; medical uses; microwave oven safety; nineteenth century; power-frequency magnetic fields; public controversy; static electricity; Accidents; Contacts; Contracts; Feathers; Galvanizing; Glass; Iron; Medical diagnostic imaging; Muscles; Rubber;
fLanguage :
English
Journal_Title :
Engineering in Medicine and Biology Magazine, IEEE
Publisher :
ieee
ISSN :
0739-5175
Type :
jour
DOI :
10.1109/51.511979
Filename :
511979
Link To Document :
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