DocumentCode
1120356
Title
A Practical Approach for Writer-Dependent Symbol Recognition Using a Writer-Independent Symbol Recognizer
Author
LaViola, Joseph J., Jr. ; Zeleznik, Robert C.
Author_Institution
Univ. of Central Florida, Orlando
Volume
29
Issue
11
fYear
2007
Firstpage
1917
Lastpage
1926
Abstract
We present a practical technique for using a writer-independent recognition engine to improve the accuracy and speed while reducing the training requirements of a writer-dependent symbol recognizer. Our writer-dependent recognizer uses a set of binary classifiers based on the AdaBoost learning algorithm, one for each possible pairwise symbol comparison. Each classifier consists of a set of weak learners, one of which is based on a writer-independent handwriting recognizer. During online recognition, we also use the n-best list of the writer-independent recognizer to prune the set of possible symbols and, thus, reduce the number of required binary classifications. In this paper, we describe the geometric and statistical features used in our recognizer and our all-pairs classification algorithm. We also present the results of experiments that quantify the effect incorporating a writer-independent recognition engine into a writer-dependent recognizer has on accuracy, speed, and user training time.
Keywords
handwriting recognition; learning (artificial intelligence); pattern classification; statistical analysis; AdaBoost learning algorithm; binary classifiers; classification algorithm; online recognition; pairwise symbol comparison; statistical features; training requirements; writer-dependent symbol recognition; writer-independent recognition engine; writer-independent symbol recognizer; Application software; Classification algorithms; Data preprocessing; Engines; Handwriting recognition; Real time systems; Robustness; Runtime; Writing; AdaBoost; Handwriting recognition; pairwise classification; real-time systems; writer dependence; writer independence; Algorithms; Artificial Intelligence; Automatic Data Processing; Biometry; Computer Graphics; Documentation; Handwriting; Image Enhancement; Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted; Information Storage and Retrieval; Models, Statistical; Numerical Analysis, Computer-Assisted; Pattern Recognition, Automated; Reading; Reproducibility of Results; Sensitivity and Specificity; Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted; Subtraction Technique; User-Computer Interface;
fLanguage
English
Journal_Title
Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence, IEEE Transactions on
Publisher
ieee
ISSN
0162-8828
Type
jour
DOI
10.1109/TPAMI.2007.1109
Filename
4302758
Link To Document