Investigation of 3D Electromagnetic Field Distribution for Dynamic Polarization Diversity

Antenna selection based on polarization diversity and 3D electromagnetic field distribution is discussed. A survey of 3D electromagnetic field distribution at 900 MHz in urban street, suburban and rural areas is also presented. Conclusion is that 3D antennas give designers dynamic polarization diversity gain varying between 3 dB and 18 dB for dense urban areas, especially where the constructions are irregularly distributed, and between 2 dB and 16 dB for forest areas. The results show that horizontal and vertical components of electromagnetic fields strictly depend on propagation environment. 3D antennas seem to have better cross polarization discrimination (XPD) in suburban forest areas on average.