Cyberpandemics: History, Inevitability, Response

As cyberspace has evolved into a large, dynamic, and tangled web of computing devices, engineers often fail to design in dependability properties-such as stability, robustness, and security-at the system level. Consequently, unintentional and malevolent actions taken in cyberspace have affected critical infrastructures in the physical world. These disturbances and systems´ resultant undependable behavior can progress and spread like infectious disease-like cyberpandemics.