Properties of an optically pumped cesium-beam frequency standard with Φ=π between the two oscillatory fields

Author

Audoin, Claude ; Giordano, Vincent ; Dimarcq, Noel ; Cerez, P. ; Petit, Pierre ; Theobald, Genevieve

Author_Institution

Lab. de l´´Horloge Atomique, CNRS, Orsay, France

Volume

43

Issue

4

fYear

1994

fDate

8/1/1994 12:00:00 AM

Firstpage

515

Lastpage

520

Abstract

The properties of optically pumped cesium-beam resonators showing a phase difference, Φ, of π between the two oscillatory fields are analyzed. They are compared with those occurring with Φ=0, when the interrogation signal is slowly square-wave frequency modulated. The value of the operating parameters which optimizes the resonator properties is given for Φ=0 and π,taking into account the effect of the noise sources which perturb the atom detection. It is shown that the design with Φ=π is superior. It provides a better frequency stability and smaller frequency offsets. The conclusion holds for short as well as long tubes

Keywords

atomic beams; caesium; cavity resonators; frequency measurement; frequency stability; measurement standards; optical pumping; Cs; Cs beam; Maxwellian velocity distribution; Ramsey cavity; atom detection; atomic transition; cavity pulling; frequency offsets; frequency stability; interrogation signal; noise sources; optically pumped cesium-beam frequency standard; oscillatory fields; resonator properties; square-wave frequency modulated signal; Extremities; Frequency modulation; Helium; Laser excitation; Magnetic resonance; Optical modulation; Optical pumping; Optical resonators; Optical waveguides; Stability;

fLanguage

English

Journal_Title

Instrumentation and Measurement, IEEE Transactions on

Publisher

ieee

ISSN

0018-9456

Type

jour

DOI

10.1109/19.310160

Filename

310160