Golden Space–Time Block-Coded Modulation

In this paper, block-coded modulation is used to design a 2 times 2 multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) space-time code for slow fading channels. The golden code is chosen as the inner code; the scheme is based on a set partitioning of the golden code using two-sided ideals whose norm is a power of two. In this case, a lower bound for the minimum determinant is given by the minimum Hamming distance. The description of the ring structure of the quotients suggests further optimization in order to improve the overall distribution of determinants. Simulation results show that the proposed schemes achieve a significant gain over the un-coded golden code.