Title :
Robust image watermarking based on multiple description vector quantisation
Author :
Pan, J.-S. ; Hsin, Y.-C. ; Huang, H.-C. ; Huang, K.-C.
Author_Institution :
Dept. of Electron. Eng., Nat. Kaohsiung Univ. of Appl. Sci., Taiwan
Abstract :
An innovative scheme for watermarking based on vector quantisation for transmitting over noisy channels is proposed. By modifying multiple description vector quantisation for watermark embedding and extraction, simulation results not only demonstrate effective transmission of the watermarked image, but reveal the robustness of the extracted watermark.
Keywords :
feature extraction; image coding; vector quantisation; watermarking; effective transmission; extracted watermark; multiple description vector quantisation; noisy channels; robust image watermarking; robustness;
Journal_Title :
Electronics Letters
DOI :
10.1049/el:20046454
