Title :
Self-conjugate watermarking technique for halftone images
Author :
Fu, Ming Sun ; Au, O.C.
Author_Institution :
Dept. of Electr. & Electron. Eng., Hong Kong Univ. of Sci. & Technol., China
fDate :
2/20/2003 12:00:00 AM
Abstract :
A novel method for hiding visual patterns in a single error diffused halftone image is presented called self-conjugate error diffusion (SCED). The hidden patterns appear on the halftone image when the halftone image is folded or is overlapped with its own rotated version. Simulation results show that the halftone images have good visual quality and the hidden pattern is clearly visible.
Keywords :
data encapsulation; image coding; message authentication; watermarking; Boolean operations; NXOR operation; halftone images; hidden patterns; image folding; image overlapping; rotated version; self-conjugate error diffusion; self-conjugate watermarking technique; visual pattern hiding;
Journal_Title :
Electronics Letters
DOI :
10.1049/el:20030273