Abstract :
Wave propagation with ground return is studied in the classical literature, by Carson andothers, for frequencies up to a critical upper limit, where displacement currents in the earth start becoming predominant. This paper derives simple expressions for the additional ground impedances, valid in the super-critical range. Problems when these are relevant are indicated. The new equations, when applied to thehigh frequency Carson range, show perfect coincidence with Carson´s equations. It appears that, at very high frequencies, the penetration depth remains finite, the earth resistance is also finite, while the earth reacrance becomes zero
